Это список государственных лидеров XX века (1951–2000 гг.) нашей эры, таких как главы государств , главы правительств и генеральные секретари однопартийных государств .
Эти политии, как правило, являются суверенными государствами , включая государства с ограниченным признанием (когда они признаны хотя бы одним государством-членом ООН), но исключают мелкие зависимые территории , чьи лидеры могут быть найдены в списке территориальных губернаторов в 20 веке . Для полноты эти списки могут включать колонии, протектораты или другие зависимые территории, которые с тех пор обрели суверенитет.
Африка
Африка: Центральная Ангола
Колония, 1575–1951; Заморская провинция, 1951–1975 Подробную информацию см. в разделе « Королевство Португалия» в разделе «Юго-Западная Европа». Камерун
Территория, находящаяся под опекой ООН, 1946–1960 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Территория, находящаяся под опекой ООН, 1946–1961 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Восточный Камерун Западный Камерун Объединенный Камерун Центральноафриканская Республика
Французская колония, 1903–1958 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Президент (1966–1976) Император Центральноафриканской империи (1976–1979) Дэвид Дако , премьер-министр (1959–1960)Элизабет Домитьен , премьер-министр (1975–1976)Анж-Феликс Патассе , премьер-министр Центральноафриканской империи (1976–1978)Анри Майду , премьер-министр Центральноафриканской империи (1978–1979)Бернард Аяндо , премьер-министр (1979–1980)Жан-Пьер Лебудер , премьер-министр (1980–1981)Симон Нарцисс Бозанга , премьер-министр (1981)Эдуард Франк , премьер-министр (1991–1992)Тимоти Малендома , премьер-министр (1992–1993)Энох Дерант Лакуэ , премьер-министр (1993)Жан-Люк Мандаба , премьер-министр (1993–1995)Габриэль Коямбуну , премьер-министр (1995–1996)Жан-Поль Нгупанде , премьер-министр (1996–1997)Мишель Гбезера-Бриа , премьер-министр (1997–1999)Анисе-Жорж Дологеле , премьер-министр (1999–2001)Чад
Колония, 1900–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Конго, Демократическая Республика
Колония, 1908–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе Бельгия в разделе Западная Европа. Патрис Лумумба , премьер-министр (1960)Жозеф Илео , премьер-министр (1960)Джастин Мари Бомбоко , премьер-министр (1960–1961)Жозеф Илео , премьер-министр (1961)Антуан Гизенга , бунтарь , премьер-министр (1960–1961)Сирил Адула , премьер-министр (1961–1964)Моис Чомбе , премьер-министр (1964–1965)Эварист Кимба , премьер-министр (1965)Леонар Муламба , премьер-министр (1965–1966)Мпинга Касенда , премьер-министр (1977–1979)Бо-Болико Локонга , премьер-министр (1979–1980)Жан Нгуза Карл-и-Бонд , первый государственный комиссар (1980–1981)Н'Синга Уджуу , первый государственный комиссар (1981–1982)Леон Кенго , первый государственный комиссар (1982–1986)Маби Мулумба , первый государственный комиссар (1987–1988)Жюль Фонтейн Самбва , первый государственный комиссар (1988)Леон Кенго , первый государственный комиссар (1988–1990)Лунда Булулу , премьер-министр (1990–1991)Мулумба Лукоджи , премьер-министр (1991)Этьен Чисекеди , премьер-министр (1991)Бернардин Мунгуль Диака , премьер-министр (1991)Жан Нгуза Карл-и-Бонд , премьер-министр (1991–1992)Этьен Чисекеди , премьер-министр (1992–1993)Фаустин Бириндва , премьер-министр (1993–1994)Леон Кенго , первый государственный комиссар (1994–1997)Этьен Чисекеди , премьер-министр (1997)Ликулия Болонго , премьер-министр (1997)Конго: Республика
Федерация колоний, 1910–1934; Колония, 1934–1958 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Гвинея
Колония, 1778–1968 Подробности см. в разделе Испания на юго-западе Европы. Габон
Сан-Томе и Принсипи
Колония, 1470–1951; Заморская провинция, 1951–1975 Подробную информацию см. в разделе « Королевство Португалия» в разделе «Юго-Западная Европа».
Африка: Восточная Бурунди
Территория, находящаяся под опекой ООН, 1946–1962 гг. Подробности см. в разделе «Бельгия» в разделе «Западная Европа». Коморские острова
Заморская территория, 1946–1961 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Харибон Чебани , временный президент (1989)Саид Мохамед Джохар , исполняющий обязанности президента (1989–1990), президент (1990–1995)Комбо Аюба , координатор Переходного военного комитета (1995)Мохамед Таки Абдулкарим , исполняющий обязанности президента (1995)Кааби Эль-Яхруту Мохамед , президент (1995–1996 годы)Саид Мохамед Джохар , президент (1996 г.)Мохамед Таки Абдулкарим , исполняющий обязанности президента (1996–1998)Таджидин Бен Саид Массунде , президент (1998–1999)Азали Ассумани , президент (1999–2001 гг.)Мохамед Таки Абдулкарим , премьер-министр (1992 г.)Ибрагим Халиди , премьер-министр (1993)Саид Али Мохамед, премьер-министр (1993) Ахмед Бен Шейх Аттуман , премьер-министр (1993–1994)Мохамед Абду Мади , премьер-министр (1994 г.)Халифа Хумади , премьер-министр (1994–1995)Кааби Эль-Яхруту Мохамед , премьер-министр (1995–1996)Таджидин Бен Саид Массунд , премьер-министр (1996)Ахмед Абду , премьер-министр (1996–1997)Нурдин Бурхан , премьер-министр (1997–1998)Аббас Джусуф , премьер-министр (1998–1999)Бьянрифи Тармиди , премьер-министр (1999–2000)Хамада Мади , премьер-министр (2000–2002)Джибути
Заморская территория, 1946–1967 гг. Заморская территория, 1967–1977 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Эритрея
Эфиопия
Мелес Зенауи , исполняющий обязанности президента (1991–1995)Тамрат Лейн , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра (1991–1995)Федеративная Демократическая Республика Эфиопия Кения
Британская колония и протекторат, 1920–1963 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Мадагаскар
Колония, 1897–1958 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Маврикий
Колония, 1810–1968 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Руанда
Сейшельские острова
Британская колония, 1903–1976 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Сомали
Протекторат, 1884–1940, 1941–1960 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Подопечная территория ООН Италия, 1950–1960 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе Италия в разделе Юго-Центральная Европа. Танзания
Территория, находящаяся под опекой ООН, 1946–1961 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Уганда
Гасёнга II, Омугабе (1944–1967) Виньи IV, Омукама (1925–1967) Британский протекторат, 1894–1962 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Мутеса II , президент (1963–1966)Милтон Оботе , президент (1966–1971)Иди Амин , президент (1971–1979)Юсуф Луле , временный президент (1979)Годфри Бинаиса , президент (1979–1980)Пауло Муванга , президент (1980)Президентская комиссия Уганды (1980)Милтон Оботе , президент (1980–1985)Базилио Олара-Окелло , де-факто глава государства (1985)Тито Окелло , президент (1985–1986)Йовери Мусевени , президент (1986–настоящее время)
Африка: Северо-центральная Ливия
Военная администрация союзников, 1942–1951 гг. Идрис , Эмир (1949–1951), король (1951–1969)Идрис , Эмир (1949–1951), король (1951–1969)Махмуд аль-Мунтасир , премьер-министр (1951–1954)Мухаммад Сакизли , премьер-министр (1954 г.)Мустафа Бен Халим , премьер-министр (1954–1957)Абдул Маджид Кубар , премьер-министр (1957–1960)Мухаммад Осман Саид , премьер-министр (1960–1963)Мохиеддин Фикини , премьер-министр (1963–1964)Махмуд аль-Мунтасир , премьер-министр (1964–1965)Хусейн Мазик , премьер-министр (1965–1967)Абдул Кадир аль-Бадри , премьер-министр (1967)Абдул Хамид аль-Баккуша , премьер-министр (1967–1968)Ванис Каддафи , премьер-министр (1968–1969)Махмуд Сулейман аль-Магриби , премьер-министр (1969–1970)Муаммар Каддафи , премьер-министр (1970–1972)Абдессалам Джаллуд , премьер-министр (1972–1977)Абдул Ати аль-Обейди , премьер-министр (1977–1979)Джадалла Аззуз ат-Тальхи , премьер-министр (1979–1984)Мухаммад аз-Зарук Раджаб , премьер-министр (1984–1986)Джадалла Аззуз ат-Тальхи , премьер-министр (1986–1987)Умар Мустафа аль-Мунтасир , премьер-министр (1987–1990)Абусед Омар Дорда , премьер-министр (1990–1994)Абдул Маджид аль-Кауд , премьер-министр (1994–1997)Мухаммад Ахмад аль-Мангуш , премьер-министр (1997–2000)Имбарек Шамех , премьер-министр (2000–2003)Тунис
Протекторат, 1881–1956 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа».
Африка: Северо-Восток Египет
Гамаль Абдель Насер , премьер-министр, мятежное правительство (1954–1962)Али Сабри , премьер-министр (1962–1965)Закария Мохиеддин , премьер-министр (1965–1966)Мохамед Седки Сулейман , премьер-министр (1966–1967)Гамаль Абдель Насер , премьер-министр (1967–1970)Махмуд Фаузи , премьер-министр (1970–1972)Азиз Седки , премьер-министр (1972–1973)Анвар Садат , премьер-министр (1973–1974)Абд эль-Азиз Мохамед Хегази , премьер-министр (1974–1975)Мамдух Салем , премьер-министр (1975–1978)Мустафа Халил , премьер-министр (1978–1980)Анвар Садат , премьер-министр (1980–1981)Хосни Мубарак , премьер-министр (1981–1982)Ахмад Фуад Мохиеддин , премьер-министр (1982–1984)Камаль Хасан Али , премьер-министр (1984–1985)Али Лотфи Махмуд , премьер-министр (1985–1986)Атеф Седки , премьер-министр (1986–1996)Камал Ганзури , премьер-министр (1996–1999)Атеф Эбейд , премьер-министр (1999–2004)Судан
Кондоминиум Соединенного Королевства и Египта, 1899–1956 гг.Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа.
Африка: Северо-Запад Алжир
Французские департаменты, 1830–1962 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Алжирская Народная Демократическая РеспубликаПредседатель Революционного совета (1965–1976) Президент (1976–1978) Ахмед Бен Белла , премьер-министр (1962–1963)Мохамед Бен Ахмед Абдельгани , премьер-министр (1979–1984)Абдельхамид Брахими , премьер-министр (1984–1988)Касди Мербах , премьер-министр (1988–1989)Мулуд Амруш , премьер-министр (1989–1991)Сид Ахмед Гозали , премьер-министр (1991–1992)Белаид Абдессалам , премьер-министр (1992–1993)Редха Малек , премьер-министр (1993–1994)Мокдад Сифи , премьер-министр (1994–1995)Ахмед Уяхия , премьер-министр (1995–1998)Смаил Хамдани , премьер-министр (1998–1999)Ахмед Бенбитур , премьер-министр (1999–2000)Али Бенфлис , премьер-министр (2000–2003)Марокко
Французский протекторат , 1912–1956; Испанский протекторат , 1912–1956; Международная зона Танжера , 1924–1956Мбарек Беккай , премьер-министр (1955–1958)Ахмед Балафрей , премьер-министр (1958)Абдалла Ибрагим , премьер-министр (1958–1960)Ахмед Бахнини , премьер-министр (1963–1965)Мохамед Бенхима , премьер-министр (1967–1969)Ахмед Лараки , премьер-министр (1969–1971)Мохаммед Карим Ламрани , премьер-министр (1971–1972)Ахмед Осман , премьер-министр (1972–1979)Маати Буабид , премьер-министр (1979–1983)Мохаммед Карим Ламрани , премьер-министр (1983–1986)Аззеддин Лараки , премьер-министр (1986–1992)Мохаммед Карим Ламрани , премьер-министр (1992–1994)Абделлатиф Филали , премьер-министр (1994–1998)Абдеррахман Юсуфи , премьер-министр (1998–2002 гг.)Заморская территория, 1884–1958; Заморская провинция, 1958–1975 Подробности см. в разделе Испания на юго-западе Европы.
Африка: Южная Ботсвана
Британский протекторат, 1885–1966 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Эсватини/Свазиленд
Собхуза II , верховный вождь при британском правлении (1921–1968), король (1968–1982)Собхуза II , верховный вождь при британском правлении (1921–1968), король (1968–1982)Дзеливе , регент (1982–1983)Созиса Дламини , исполняющая обязанности регента (1983)Нтфомби , регент (1983–1986)Мсвати III , король (1986 – настоящее время)Махосини Дламини , премьер-министр (1967–1976)Мапхеву Дламини , премьер-министр (1976–1979)Бен Нсибандзе , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра (1979)Мабандла Дламини , премьер-министр (1979–1983)Бекимпи Дламини , премьер-министр (1983–1986)Сотша Дламини , премьер-министр (1986–1989)Обед Дламини , премьер-министр (1989–1993)Андреас Факудзе , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра (1993)Джеймсон Мбилини Дламини , премьер-министр (1993–1996)Сишайи Нксумало , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра (1996)Барнабас Сибусисо Дламини , премьер-министр (1996–2003)Лесото
Британская колония, 1884–1966 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. «Манчебо , регент (1941–1960)Мошвешве II , верховный вождь (1960–1966), король (1966–1990, 1995–1996)Мошвешве II , верховный вождь (1960–1966), король (1966–1990, 1995–1996)Летси III , король (1990–1995, 1996 – настоящее время)Малави
Британский протекторат, 1907–1964 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Мозамбик
Колония, 1498–1972; Территория, 1972–1975 Подробную информацию см. в разделе « Королевство Португалия» в разделе «Юго-Западная Европа». Намибия
Территория, находящаяся под опекой ООН, 1946–1990 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе Южно-Африканская Республика в разделе Южная Африка. ЮАР
Южно-Африканская Республика Чарльз Роббертс Сварт , президент штата (1961–1967)Жозуа Франсуа Ноде , исполняющий обязанности президента штата (1967–1968)Якобус Йоханнес Фуше , президент штата (1968–1975)Йоханнес де Клерк , исполняющий обязанности президента штата (1975 г.)Нико Дидерихс , президент штата (1975–1978)Марэ Вилджоэн , исполняющий обязанности президента штата (1978 г.)Бальтазар Йоханнес Форстер , президент штата (1978–1979)Марэ Вильджоэн , президент штата (1979–1984)П. У. Бота , президент штата (1984–1989)Ф.В. де Клерк , президент штата (1989–1994)Замбия
Мванавина III, Мбуму ва Литунга (1948–1968) Британский протекторат, 1924–1964 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Самоуправляемая британская колония, 1953–1963 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Зимбабве
Британский протекторат, 1924–1964 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Ян Смит , премьер-министр (1964–1979)
Африка: Западная Бенин
Колония, 1904–1958 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Хуберт Мага , президент (1960–1963)Кристоф Согло , глава Временного правительства (1963–1964)Суру-Миган Апити , президент (1964–1965)Джастин Ахомадегбе-Тометин , исполняющий обязанности президента (1965)Тахиру Конгаку , исполняющий обязанности президента (1965)Кристоф Согло , президент (1965–1967)Жан-Батист Ашем , председатель Революционного комитета (1967)Морис Куандете , глава государства (1967)Альфонс Элли , глава государства (1967–1968)Эмиль Дерлен Зинсу , президент (1968–1969)Морис Куандете , начальник штаба армии (1969)Поль-Эмиль де Соуза , председатель Директории (1969–1970)Хуберт Мага , председатель Президентского совета (1970–1972)Джастин Ахомадегбе-Тометен , председатель Президентского совета (1972)Матье Кереку , президент (1972–1975)Буркина-Фасо
Йемпаабу, король (1941–1986) [1] [2] Баникиба, Биланбедо (1927–1970) Йенкабри, правитель (1942–1969) Абдуллахи Санду би Фаруку, Алмами (1932–1956) Усман би Амиру, Алмами (1956–1959) Йендиери, Боопо (1945–1976) Хунтани, Джафуали (1938–1952) Йемпаабу, Джафуали (1952–?) Ямба Сорго, Нааба (1933–1957) Нааба Саага II, Муго-нааба (1942–1957) Нааба Кугри, Муго-нааба (1957–1982) Нааба Тигре, Ятенга нааба (1914–1954) Нааба Сигири, Ятенга нааба (1954–1960) Колония, 1919–1932, 1947–1958 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Кабо-Верде
Колония, 1462–1951; Заморская провинция, 1951–1975 Подробную информацию см. в разделе « Королевство Португалия» в разделе «Юго-Западная Европа». Гамбия
Британская колония и протекторат, 1821–1965 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Дауда Джавара , президент (1970–1994)Яйя Джамме , председатель Временного правящего совета вооруженных сил (1994–1996), президент (1996–2017)Гана
Британская колония, 1821–1957 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Кваме Нкрума , президент Первой Республики (1960–1966)Джозеф Артур Анкрах , военный глава государства (1966–1969)Акваси Африфа , военный глава государства (1969)Акваси Африфа , президент Второй республики (1969–1970)Нии Амаа Олленну , исполняющий обязанности президента Второй республики (1970)Эдвард Акуфо-Аддо , президент Второй Республики (1970–1972)Игнатиус Куту Ачеампонг , военный глава государства (1972–1978)Фред Акуффо , военный глава государства (1978–1979)Джерри Роулингс , военный глава государства (1979)Хилла Лиманн , президент Третьей республики (1979–1981)Джерри Роулингс , военный глава государства (1981–1993), президент Четвертой республики (1993–2001)Гвинея
Французская колония, 1894–1958 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Гвинея-Бисау
Колония, 1474–1951; Заморская провинция, 1951–1974 Подробную информацию см. в разделе « Королевство Португалия» в разделе «Юго-Западная Европа». Берег Слоновой Кости
Колония, 1893–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Либерия
Мали
Колония, 1880–1958 гг. Территория Франции, объединенная с Сенегалом в 1959–1960 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Главы государств (полный список) – Модибо Кейта , глава государства (1960–1965), президент (1965–1968)Мусса Траоре , председатель Военного комитета национального освобождения (1968–1969), глава государства (1969–1979), президент (1979–1991)Амаду Тумани Туре , председатель Национального совета примирения (1991), председатель Переходного комитета (1991–1992)Альфа Умар Конаре , президент (1992–2002 гг.)Мавритания
Французская колония, 1903–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Моктар ульд Дадда , премьер-министр (1960–1961)Ахмед ульд Бусейф , премьер-министр (1979)Ахмед Салим ульд Сиди , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра (1979)Мохамед Хуна ульд Хайдалла , премьер-министр (1979–1980)Сид Ахмед ульд Бнейджара , премьер-министр (1980–1981)Маауйя ульд Сид Ахмед Тайя , премьер-министр (1981–1984)Мохамед Хуна ульд Хайдалла , премьер-министр (1984)Маауйя ульд Сид Ахмед Тайя , премьер-министр (1984–1992)Сиди Мохамед ульд Бубакар , премьер-министр (1992–1996)Шейх Эль Авиа ульд Мохамед Хуна , премьер-министр (1996–1997)Мохамед Лемине ульд Гиг , премьер-министр (1997–1998)Шейх Эль Авиа ульд Мохамед Хуна , премьер-министр (1998–2003)Нигер
Зармакой Мумуни, король (1938–1953) Зармакой Хамани, король (1953–1962) Французская колония, 1921–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Хамани Диори , премьер-министр (1958–1960)Мамане Умару , премьер-министр (1983)Хамид Альгабид , премьер-министр (1983–1988)Мамане Умару , премьер-министр (1988–1989)Алиу Махамиду , премьер-министр (1990–1991)Амаду Шейфу , премьер-министр (1991–1993)Махамаду Иссуфу , премьер-министр (1993–1994)Сули Абдулай , премьер-министр (1994–1995)Амаду Сиссе , премьер-министр (1995)Хама Амаду , премьер-министр (1995–1996)Букари Аджи , премьер-министр (1996)Амаду Сиссе , премьер-министр (1996–1997)Ибрагим Хасан Маяки , премьер-министр (1997–2000)Хама Амаду , премьер-министр (2000–2007)Нигерия
Британская колония, 1821–1957 гг. Британская колония, 1914–1960 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Елизавета II , королева (1960–1963)Ннамди Азикиве , президент Первой Республики (1963–1966)Джонсон Агуйи-Иронси , военный глава государства (1966)Якубу Говон , военный глава государства (1966–1975)Муртала Мохаммед , военный глава государства (1975–1976)Олусегун Обасанджо , военный глава государства (1976–1979)Шеху Шагари , президент Второй Республики (1979–1983)Мухаммаду Бухари , военный глава государства (1983–1985)Ибрагим Бабангида , военный глава государства (1985–1993)Эрнест Шонекан , глава переходного государства Третьей республики (1993)Сани Абача , военный глава государства (1993–1998)Абдулсалами Абубакар , военный глава государства (1998–1999)Олусегун Обасанджо , президент Четвертой республики (1999–2007)Сенегал
Фоде Н'Гуйе Джуф, Маад Салум (1935–1960) [4] [3] Федерация колоний, 1895–1958 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Французская колония, 1848–1960 Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа». Сьерра-Леоне
Британская колония и протекторат, 1808–1961 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Первая Республика Военный режим Вторая Республика Того
Подопечная территория ООН, 1946–1956 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Подопечная территория ООН, 1946–1960 гг. Подробности смотрите в разделе «Франция» в разделе «Западная Европа».
Америка
Америка: Карибский бассейн Ангилья
Антигуа и Барбуда
Британская колония, 1632–1981 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Багамские острова
Британская колония, 1648–1973 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Барбадос
Британская колония, 1625–1966 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Куба
Фидель Кастро , премьер-министр (1959–1976), председатель Совета министров (1976–2008)Доминика
Британская колония, 1763–1978 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Доминиканская Республика
Армандо Оскар Пачеко, Луис Амиама Тио, Антонио Имберт Баррера , Энрике Вальдес Видаурре, Вильфредо Медина Наталио, Уберто Богерт, Гражданско-военный совет (1962) Хосе Рафаэль Молина Уренья , временный президент (1965)Педро Бартоломе Бенуа , временный президент (1965)Антонио Имберт Баррера , президент (1965)Эктор Гарсиа-Годой , временный президент (1965–1966)Хоакин Балагер , президент (1966–1978)Антонио Гусман Фернандес , президент (1978–1982)Хакобо Майлута Азар , президент (1982)Сальвадор Хорхе Бланко , президент (1982–1986)Хоакин Балагер , президент (1986–1996)Леонель Фернандес , президент (1996–2000)Иполито Мехиа , президент (2000–2004 гг.)Гренада
Эрик Гейри , премьер-министр (1974–1979)Морис Бишоп , де-факто премьер-министр (1979–1983)Бернар Коард , де-факто премьер-министр (1983)Хадсон Остин , де-факто премьер-министр (1983)Николас Брэтуэйт , де-факто премьер-министр (1983–1984)Герберт Блейз , премьер-министр (1984–1989)Бен Джонс (Гренада) , премьер-министр (1989–1990)Николас Брэтуэйт , премьер-министр (1990–1995)Джордж Бризан , премьер-министр (1995)Кит Митчелл , премьер-министр (1995–2008)Гаити
Анри Намфи , президент Национального совета правительства (1986–1988)Лесли Манигат , президент (1988)Анри Намфи , президент (1988)Проспер Аврил , президент (1988–1990)Эрар Абрахам , исполняющий обязанности президента (1990 г.)Эрта Паскаль-Труйо , временный президент (1990–1991)Жан-Бертран Аристид , президент (1991)Рауль Седра , исполняющий обязанности президента (1991 г.)Жозеф Неретт , временный президент (1991–1992)Марк Базен , исполняющий обязанности президента (1992–1993)Жан-Бертран Аристид , президент (1993–1994)Эмиль Жонассент , временный президент (1994 г.)Жан-Бертран Аристид , президент (1994–1996)Рене Преваль , президент (1996–2001 гг.)Ямайка
Сент-Китс и Невис
Британская колония, 1882–1983 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Сент-Люсия
Британская колония, 1802–1979 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Сент-Винсент и Гренадины
Британская колония, 1763–1979 Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа. Тринидад и Тобаго
Британская колония, 1797–1962 гг. Подробную информацию см. в разделе Соединенное Королевство в разделе Британские острова, Европа.
Америка: Центральная Белиз
British colony, 1862–1981 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Costa Rica
Otilio Ulate Blanco , President (1949–1953)José Figueres Ferrer , President (1953–1958)Mario Echandi Jiménez , President (1958–1962)Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich , President (1962–1966)José Trejos Fernández , President (1966–1970)José Figueres Ferrer , President (1970–1974)Daniel Oduber Quirós , President (1974–1978)Rodrigo Carazo Odio , President (1978–1982)Luis Monge Álvarez , President (1982–1986)Óscar Arias , President (1986–1990)Rafael Calderón Fournier , President (1990–1994)José Figueres Olsen , President (1994–1998)Miguel Rodríguez Echeverría , President (1998–2002)El Salvador
First Junta: Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez , Mario Antonio Andino , Román Mayorga Quirós , Guillermo Ungo , Adolfo Arnoldo Majano (1979–1980) Second Junta: Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez , José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete , Adolfo Arnoldo Majano , Héctor Dada Hirezi , José Antonio Morales Ehrlich (1980) Third Junta: José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete , Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez , José Napoleón Duarte , José Antonio Morales Ehrlich (1980–1982) Guatemala
Juan José Arévalo , President (1945–1951)Jacobo Árbenz , President (1951–1954)Carlos Enrique Díaz de León , Provisional President (1954)Elfego Hernán Monzón Aguirre , Chairman of Military Junta (1954)Carlos Castillo Armas , President (1954–1957)Luis Arturo González López , Acting President (1957)Óscar Mendoza Azurdia , Chairman of Military Junta (1957)Guillermo Flores Avendaño , Acting President (1957–1958)Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes , President (1958–1963)Enrique Peralta Azurdia , President (1963–1966)Julio César Méndez Montenegro , President (1966–1970)Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio , President (1970–1974)Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García , President (1974–1978)Fernando Romeo Lucas García , President (1978–1982)Efraín Ríos Montt , President (1982–1983)Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores , President (1983–1986)Vinicio Cerezo , President (1986–1991)Jorge Serrano Elías , President (1991–1993)Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero , President (1993)Ramiro de León Carpio , President (1993–1996)Álvaro Arzú , President (1996–2000)Alfonso Portillo , President (2000–2004)Honduras
Juan Manuel Gálvez , President (1949–1954)Julio Lozano Díaz , President (1954–1956)Military Government Council , President (1956–1957)Ramón Villeda Morales , President (1957–1963)Oswaldo López Arellano , President (1963–1971)Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés , President (1971–1972)Oswaldo López Arellano , President (1972–1975)Juan Alberto Melgar Castro , President (1975–1978)Policarpo Paz García , Provisional President (1978–1982)Roberto Suazo Córdova , President (1982–1986)José Azcona del Hoyo , President (1986–1990)Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero , President (1990–1994)Carlos Roberto Reina , President (1994–1998)Carlos Roberto Flores , President (1998–2002)Nicaragua
Anastasio Somoza García , President (1950–1956)Luis Somoza Debayle , President (1956–1963)René Schick , President (1963–1966)Orlando Montenegro Medrano , Acting President (1966)Lorenzo Guerrero , President (1966–1967)Anastasio Somoza Debayle , President (1967–1972)Liberal-Conservative Junta , President (1972–1974)Anastasio Somoza Debayle , President (1974–1979)Francisco Urcuyo , Acting President (1979)Junta of National Reconstruction : Daniel Ortega , Coordinator (1979–1985)Daniel Ortega , President (1985–1990)Violeta Chamorro , President (1990–1997)Arnoldo Alemán , President (1997–2002)Panama
Arnulfo Arias , President (1949–1951)Alcibíades Arosemena , President (1951–1952)José Antonio Remón Cantera , President (1952–1955)José Ramón Guizado , President (1955)Ricardo Arias , President (1955–1956)Ernesto de la Guardia , President (1956–1960)Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón , President (1960–1964)Marco Aurelio Robles , President (1964–1968)Arnulfo Arias , President (1968)José María Pinilla Fábrega , Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla , Military junta/ Presidents (1968–1969)Demetrio B. Lakas , President (1969–1978)Aristides Royo , President (1978–1982)Ricardo de la Espriella , President (1982–1984)Jorge Illueca , President (1984)Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino , President (1984–1985)Eric Arturo Delvalle , Acting President (1985–1988)Manuel Solís Palma , Acting President (1988–1989)Francisco Rodríguez , Provisional President (1989)Guillermo Endara , President (1989–1994)Ernesto Pérez Balladares , President (1994–1999)Mireya Moscoso , President (1999–2004)Military leaders: de facto Heads of state (1968–1989 )
Americas: North Canada
Louis St. Laurent , Prime minister (1948–1957)John Diefenbaker , Prime minister (1957–1963)Lester B. Pearson , Prime minister (1963–1968)Pierre Trudeau , Prime minister (1968–1979)Joe Clark , Prime minister (1979–1980)Pierre Trudeau , Prime minister (1980–1984)John Turner , Prime minister (1984)Brian Mulroney , Prime minister (1984–1993)Kim Campbell , Prime minister (1993)Jean Chrétien , Prime minister (1993–2003)Mexico
Miguel Alemán Valdés , President (1946–1952)Adolfo Ruiz Cortines , President (1952–1958)Adolfo López Mateos , President (1958–1964)Gustavo Díaz Ordaz , President (1964–1970)Luis Echeverría , President (1970–1976)José López Portillo , President (1976–1982)Miguel de la Madrid , President (1982–1988)Carlos Salinas de Gortari , President (1988–1994)Ernesto Zedillo , President (1994–2000)Vicente Fox , President (2000–2006)United States
Harry S. Truman , President (1945–1953)Dwight D. Eisenhower , President (1953–1961)John F. Kennedy , President (1961–1963)Lyndon B. Johnson , President (1963–1969)Richard Nixon , President (1969–1974)Gerald Ford , President (1974–1977)Jimmy Carter , President (1977–1981)Ronald Reagan , President (1981–1989)George H. W. Bush , President (1989–1993)Bill Clinton , President (1993–2001)
Americas: South Argentina
Juan Perón , President (1946–1955)Eduardo Lonardi , de facto President (1955)Pedro Eugenio Aramburu , de facto President (1955–1958)Arturo Frondizi , President (1958–1962)José María Guido , Interim President (1962–1963)Arturo Umberto Illia , President (1963–1966)Military Junta, (1966) Juan Carlos Onganía , de facto President (1966–1970)Military Junta, (1970) Roberto M. Levingston , de facto President (1970–1971)Alejandro A. Lanusse , de facto President (1971–1973)Héctor José Cámpora , President (1973)Raúl Alberto Lastiri , Interim President (1973)Juan Perón , President (1973–1974)Isabel Perón , President (1974–1976)Jorge Rafael Videla , President of the Military Junta (1976–1981)Roberto Eduardo Viola , President of the Military Junta (1981)Horacio Tomás Liendo , de facto Acting President (1981)Carlos Alberto Lacoste , de facto Interim President (1981)Leopoldo Galtieri , de facto President of the Military Junta (1981–1982)Alfredo Oscar Saint-Jean , de facto Interim President (1982)Reynaldo Bignone , de facto President (1982–1983)Raúl Alfonsín , President (1983–1989)Carlos Menem , President (1989–1999)Fernando de la Rúa , President (1999–2001)Bolivia
Mamerto Urriolagoitía , President (1949–1951)Hugo Ballivián , Chairman of the Military Junta (1951–1952)Hernán Siles Zuazo , Provisional President (1952)Víctor Paz Estenssoro , President (1952–1956)Hernán Siles Zuazo , President (1956–1960)Víctor Paz Estenssoro , President (1960–1964)René Barrientos , Chairman of the Military Junta (1964–1965)René Barrientos and Alfredo Ovando Candía , Co-Chairmen of the Military Junta (1965–1966)Alfredo Ovando Candía , Chairman of the Military Junta (1966)René Barrientos , President (1966–1969)Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas , President (1969)Alfredo Ovando Candía , President (1969–1970)Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1970 , Members: Efraín Guachalla Ibáñez, Fernando Sattori Ribera, Alberto Albarracín Crespo (1970)Juan José Torres , President (1970–1971)Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1971 , Members: Andrés Selich Chop (Chairmen), Hugo Banzer , Jaime Florentino Mendieta (1971)Hugo Banzer , President (1971–1978)Víctor González Fuentes , Chairman of the Military Junta (1978)Juan Pereda , President (1978)David Padilla , Chairman of the Military Junta (1978–1979)Wálter Guevara , Acting President (1979)Alberto Natusch , President (1979)Lidia Gueiler Tejada , Acting President (1979–1980)Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1980 , Members: Luis García Meza Tejada , Waldo Bernal Pereira, Ramiro Terrazas Rodríguez (1980)Luis García Meza Tejada , President (1980–1981)Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1981 , Members: Waldo Bernal Pereira, Celso Torrelio , Óscar Jaime Pammo (1981)Celso Torrelio , President (1981–1982)Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1982 , Members: Natalio Morales Mosquera, Óscar Jaime Pammo, Ángel Mariscal Gómez (1982)Guido Vildoso , President (1982)Hernán Siles Zuazo , President (1982–1985)Víctor Paz Estenssoro , President (1985–1989)Jaime Paz Zamora , President (1989–1993)Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada , President (1993–1997)Hugo Banzer , President (1997–2001)Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Laureano Gómez Castro , President (1950–1953)Gustavo Rojas Pinilla , President (1953–1957)Military Junta (1957–1958)Alberto Lleras Camargo , President (1958–1962)Guillermo León Valencia , President (1962–1966)Carlos Lleras Restrepo , President (1966–1970)Misael Pastrana Borrero , President (1970–1974)Alfonso López Michelsen , President (1974–1978)Julio César Turbay Ayala , President (1978–1982)Belisario Betancur Cuartas , President (1982–1986)Virgilio Barco Vargas , President (1986–1990)César Gaviria Trujillo , President (1990–1994)Ernesto Samper Pizano , President (1994–1998)Andrés Pastrana Arango , President (1998–2002)Ecuador
Galo Plaza , President (1948–1952)José María Velasco Ibarra , President (1952–1956)Camilo Ponce Enríquez , President (1956–1960)José María Velasco Ibarra , President (1960–1961)C.J. Arosemena Monroy , President (1961–1963)Military Junta, Members: Ramón Castro Jijón , Luis Cabrera Sevilla, Guillermo Freile Posso, Marcos Gándara (1963–1966) Clemente Yerovi , Acting President (1966)Otto Arosemena , Interim President (1966–1967), Constitutional President (1967–1968)José María Velasco Ibarra , President (1968–1970), Jéfe Supremo (1970–1972)Guillermo Rodríguez Lara , de facto President (1972–1976)Supreme Government Council, Alfredo Poveda , Guillermo Durán , Luis Leoro Franco (1976–1979) Jaime Roldós Aguilera , President (1979–1981)Osvaldo Hurtado , President (1981–1984)León Febres Cordero , President (1984–1988)Rodrigo Borja Cevallos , President (1988–1992)Sixto Durán Ballén , President (1992–1996)Abdalá Bucaram , President (1996–1997)Fabián Alarcón , Interim President (1997)Rosalía Arteaga , Acting President (1997)Fabián Alarcón , Interim President (1997–1998)Jamil Mahuad , President (1998–2000)Gustavo Noboa , President (2000–2003)Guyana
British colony, 1814–1966 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Co-operative Republic of Guyana Netherlands
Dutch colony 1634–1828, 1845–1954 For details see the Netherlands under western Europe Constituent country 1954–2010For details see the Netherlands under western Europe Saint Kitts and Nevis
British colony, 1882–1983 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Dutch colony 1667–1954 For details see the Netherlands under western Europe Constituent country 1954–1975For details see the Netherlands under western Europe Uruguay
Luis Batlle Berres , President (1947–1951)Andrés Martínez Trueba , President (1951–1955)Luis Batlle Berres , President (National Council of Government) (1955–1956)Alberto Fermín Zubiría , President (National Council of Government) (1956–1957)Arturo Lezama , President (National Council of Government) (1957–1958)Carlos Fischer , President (National Council of Government) (1958–1959)Martín Echegoyen , President (National Council of Government) (1959–1960)Benito Nardone , President (National Council of Government) (1960–1961)Eduardo Víctor Haedo , President (National Council of Government) (1961–1962)Faustino Harrison , President (National Council of Government) (1962–1963)Daniel Fernández Crespo , President (National Council of Government) (1963–1964)Luis Giannattasio , President (National Council of Government) (1964–1965)Washington Beltrán , President (National Council of Government) (1965–1966)Alberto Héber Usher , President (National Council of Government) (1966–1967)Óscar Diego Gestido , President (1967)Jorge Pacheco Areco , President (1967–1972)Juan María Bordaberry , President (1972–1976)Venezuela
Marcos Pérez Jiménez , Provisional President (1952–1953), President (1953–1958)Wolfgang Larrazábal , President (1958)Edgar Sanabria , Interim President (1958–1959)Rómulo Betancourt , President (1959–1964)Raúl Leoni , President (1964–1969)Rafael Caldera , President (1969–1974)Carlos Andrés Pérez , President (1974–1979)Luis Herrera Campins , President (1979–1984)Jaime Lusinchi , President (1984–1989)Carlos Andrés Pérez , President (1989–1993)Octavio Lepage , Acting President (1993)Ramón José Velásquez , Interim President (1993–1994)Rafael Caldera , President (1994–1999)
Asia
Asia: Central Nasirdin Isanov , Prime minister (1991)Andrei Iordan , Acting Prime minister (1991–1992)Tursunbek Chyngyshev , Prime minister (1992–1993)Almanbet Matubraimov , Acting Prime minister (1993)Apas Jumagulov , Prime minister (1993–1998)Kubanychbek Jumaliyev , Acting Prime minister (1998)Boris Silayev , Acting Prime minister (1998)Jumabek Ibraimov , Prime minister (1998–1999)Boris Silayev , Acting Prime minister (1999)Amangeldy Muraliyev , Prime minister (1999–2000)Kurmanbek Bakiyev , Prime minister (2000–2002)
Asia: East Chen Cheng , Premier (1950–1954)Yu Hung-Chun , Premier (1954–1958)Chen Cheng , Premier (1958–1963)Wang Yun-wu , Acting Premier (1963)Chen Cheng , Premier (1963)Yen Chia-kan , Premier (1963–1972)Chiang Ching-kuo , Premier (1972–1978)Hsu Ching-chung , Acting Premier (1978)Sun Yun-suan , Premier (1978–1984)Yu Kuo-hwa , Premier (1984–1989)Lee Huan , Premier (1989–1990)Hau Pei-tsun , Premier (1990–1993)Lien Chan , Premier (1993–1997)Vincent Siew , Premier (1997–2000)Tang Fei , Premier (2000)Chang Chun-hsiung , Premier (2000–2002)People's Republic of China Mao Zedong , Chairman (1945–1976), Paramount Leader (1949–1976)Hua Guofeng , Chairman (1976–1981), Paramount Leader (1976–1978)Deng Xiaoping , Paramount Leader (1978–1989)Hu Yaobang , Chairman (1981–1982), General Secretary (1982–1987)Zhao Ziyang , General Secretary (1987–1989)Jiang Zemin , General Secretary (1989–2002), Paramount Leader (1989–2002)Mao Zedong , Chairman (1949–1959)Liu Shaoqi , President (1959–1968)Soong Ching-ling , Acting President (1968–1972)Dong Biwu , Acting President (1968–1975)Zhu De , NPC Standing Committee Chairman (1975–1976)Soong Ching-ling , Acting NPC Standing Committee Chairwoman (1976–1978)Ye Jianying , NPC Standing Committee Chairman (1978–1983)Li Xiannian , President (1983–1988)Yang Shangkun , President (1988–1993)Jiang Zemin , President (1993–2003)Ichirō Hatoyama , Prime minister (1954–1955)Tanzan Ishibashi , Prime minister (1956–1957)Nobusuke Kishi , Prime minister (1957–1958)Hayato Ikeda , Prime minister (1960)Eisaku Satō , Prime minister (1964–1967)Kakuei Tanaka , Prime minister (1972)Takeo Miki , Prime minister (1974–1976)Takeo Fukuda , Prime minister (1976–1978)Masayoshi Ōhira , Prime minister (1978–1979)Masayoshi Ito , Acting Prime minister (1979)Zenko Suzuki , Prime minister (1980–1982)Yasuhiro Nakasone , Prime minister (1982–1983)Noboru Takeshita , Prime minister (1987–1989)Sōsuke Uno , Prime minister (1989)Toshiki Kaifu , Prime minister (1989–1990)Kiichi Miyazawa , Prime minister (1991–1993)Morihiro Hosokawa , Prime minister (1993–1994)Tsutomu Hata , Prime minister (1994)Tomiichi Murayama , Prime minister (1994–1996)Ryutaro Hashimoto , Prime minister (1996)Keizō Obuchi , Prime minister (1998–2000)Mikio Aoki , Acting Prime minister (2000)Yoshirō Mori , Prime minister (2000–2001)Chang Myon , Prime minister (1950–1952)Heo Jeong , Acting Prime minister (1952)Yi Yun-yong , Acting Prime minister (1952)Chang Taek-sang , Prime minister (1952)Paik Too-chin , Acting Prime minister (1952–1953), Prime minister (1953–1954)Pyon Yong-tae , Prime minister (1954)Paek Han-song, Acting Prime minister (1954) Ho Chong , Prime minister (1960)Chang Myon , Prime minister (1960–1961)Jang Do-young , Prime minister (1961)Song Yo-chan , Prime minister (1961–1962)Park Chung Hee , Prime minister (1962)Kim Hyun-chul , Prime minister (1962–1963)Choi Tu-son , Prime minister (1963–1964)Chung Il-kwon , Prime minister (1964–1970)Paik Too-chin , Prime minister (1970–1971)Kim Jong-pil , Prime minister (1971–1975)Choi Kyu-hah , Acting Prime minister (1975–1976), Prime minister (1976–1979)Shin Hyun-hwak , Prime minister (1979–1980)Pak Choong-hoon, Acting Prime minister (1980) Nam Duck-woo , Prime minister (1980–1982)Yoo Chang-soon , Prime minister (1982)Kim Sang-hyup , Prime minister (1982–1983)Chin Iee-chong , Prime minister (1983–1984)Shin Byung-hyun, Acting Prime minister (1984–1985) Lho Shin-yong , Prime minister (1985–1987)Lee Han-key, Acting Prime minister (1987) Kim Chung-yul , Prime minister (1987–1988)Lee Hyun-jae , Prime minister (1988)Kang Young-hoon , Prime minister (1988–1990)Ro Jai-bong , Acting Prime minister (1990–1991), Prime minister (1991)Chung Won-shik , Prime minister (1991–1992)Hyun Soong-jong , Prime minister (1992–1993)Hwang In-sung , Prime minister (1993)Lee Hoi-chang , Prime minister (1993–1994)Lee Yung-dug , Prime minister (1994)Lee Hong-koo , Prime minister (1994–1995)Lee Soo-sung , Prime minister (1995–1997)Goh Kun , Prime minister (1997–1998)Kim Jong-pil , Prime minister (1998–2000)Park Tae-joon , Prime minister (2000)Lee Han-dong , Prime minister (2000–2002)Gonchigiin Bumtsend , Chairman (1940–1953)Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa , Acting Chairwoman (1953–1954)Jamsrangiin Sambuu , Chairman (1954–1972)Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren , Acting Chairman (1972)Sonomyn Luvsan , Acting Chairman (1972–1974)Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal , Chairman (1974–1984)Nyamyn Jagvaral , Acting Chairman (1984)Jambyn Batmönkh , Chairman (1984–1990)Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat , Chairman (1990–1992), President (1990–1992)
Asia: Southeast Brunei
British protectorate, 1888–1984 Cambodia
Penn Nouth , Prime minister (1953)Chan Nak , Prime minister (1953–1954)Penn Nouth , Prime minister (1954–1955)Leng Ngeth , Prime minister (1955)Oum Chheang Sun , Prime minister (1956)Khim Tit , Prime minister (1956)Sam Yun , Prime minister (1956–1957)Sim Var , Prime minister (1957–1958)Ek Yi Oun , Prime minister (1958)Pho Proeung , Prime minister (1960–1961)Penn Nouth , Prime minister (1961)Nhiek Tioulong , Prime minister (1962)Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum , Prime minister (1962)Norodom Kantol , Prime minister (1962–1966)Lon Nol , Prime minister (1966–1967)Son Sann , Prime minister (1967–1968)Penn Nouth , Prime minister (1968–1969)Lon Nol , Prime minister (1969–1970)Pol Pot , General Secretary (1963–1981)Heng Samrin , Chairman of the Revolutionary Council (1979–1981), Chairman of the State Council (1981–1992)United Nations protectorate , 1992–1993East Timor
United Nations protectorate , 1999–2002Indonesia
Suharto , Acting President (1967–1968), President (1968–1998)United Nations protectorate , 1962–1963 Laos
Phoui Sananikone , Prime minister (1950–1951)Savang Vatthana , Prime minister (1951)Souvanna Phouma , Prime minister (1951–1954)Katay Don Sasorith , Prime minister (1954–1956)Souvanna Phouma , Prime minister (1956–1958)Phoui Sananikone , Prime minister (1958–1959)Sounthone Pathammavong , Prime minister (1959–1960)Kou Abhay , Prime minister (1960)Somsanith Vongkotrattana , Prime minister (1960)Souvanna Phouma , Prime minister (1960)Boun Oum , Prime minister (1960–1962)Souvanna Phouma , Prime minister (1962–1975)Malaysia
Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1957–1960)Hisamuddin of Selangor , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1960)Putra of Perlis , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1960–1965)Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1965–1970)Abdul Halim of Kedah , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1970–1975)Yahya Petra of Kelantan , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1975–1979)Ahmad Shah of Pahang , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1979–1984)Iskandar of Johor , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1984–1989)Azlan Shah of Perak , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1989–1994)Jaafar of Negeri Sembilan , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1994–1999)Salahuddin of Selangor , Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1999–2001)Myanmar / Burma
U Nu , Prime minister (1948–1956)Ba Swe , Prime minister (1956–1957)U Nu , Prime minister (1957–1958)Ne Win , Prime minister (1958–1960)U Nu , Prime minister (1960–1962)Ne Win , Prime minister (1962–1974)Philippines
Third Philippine Republic Fourth Philippine Republic Fifth Philippine Republic Fourth Philippine Republic Singapore
Thailand
Plaek Phibunsongkhram , Prime minister (1948–1957)Pote Sarasin , Prime minister (1957–1958)Thanom Kittikachorn , Prime minister (1958)Sarit Thanarat , Prime minister (1957, 1958–1963)Thanom Kittikachorn , Prime minister (1963–1973)Sanya Dharmasakti , Prime minister (1973–1975)Seni Pramoj , Prime minister (1975)Kukrit Pramoj , Prime minister (1975–1976)Seni Pramoj , Prime minister (1976)Thanin Kraivichien , Prime minister (1976–1977)Kriangsak Chamanan , Prime minister (1977–1980)Prem Tinsulanonda , Prime minister (1980–1988)Chatichai Choonhavan , Prime minister (1988–1991)Anand Panyarachun , Prime minister (1991–1992)Suchinda Kraprayoon , Prime minister (1992)Meechai Ruchuphan , Acting Prime minister (1992)Anand Panyarachun , Prime minister (1992)Chuan Leekpai , Prime minister (1992–1995)Banharn Silpa-archa , Prime minister (1995–1996)Chavalit Yongchaiyudh , Prime minister (1996–1997)Chuan Leekpai , Prime minister (1997–2001)Vietnam
Ngo Dinh Diem , President (1955–1963)Dương Văn Minh , President (1963–1964)Nguyễn Khánh , President (1964)Dương Văn Minh , President (1964)Nguyễn Khánh , President (1964)Dương Văn Minh , President (1964)Phan Khắc Sửu , President (1964–1965)Nguyễn Văn Thiệu , President (1965–1975)Trần Văn Hương , Acting President (1975)Dương Văn Minh , Acting President (1975)Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ , Prime minister (1963–1964)Nguyễn Khánh , Prime minister (1964)Nguyễn Xuân Oánh , Acting Prime minister (1964)Nguyễn Khánh , Prime minister (1964)Trần Văn Hương , Prime minister (1964–1965)Nguyễn Xuân Oánh , Acting Prime minister (1965)Phan Huy Quát , Prime minister (1965)Nguyễn Cao Kỳ , Prime minister (1965–1967)Nguyễn Văn Lộc , Prime minister (1967–1968)Trần Văn Hương , Prime minister (1968–1969)Trần Thiện Khiêm , Prime minister (1969–1975)Nguyễn Bá Cẩn , Prime minister (1975)Vũ Văn Mẫu , Prime minister (1975)Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976–present) Phạm Văn Đồng , Prime minister (1976–1981), Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1981–1987)Phạm Hùng , Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1987–1988)Võ Văn Kiệt , Acting Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1988)Đỗ Mười , Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1988–1991)Võ Văn Kiệt , Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1991–1992), Prime minister (1992–1997)Phan Văn Khải , Prime minister (1997–2006)
Asia: South Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , President (1971–1972)Syed Nazrul Islam , Acting President (1971–1972)Abu Sayeed Chowdhury , President (1972–1973)Mohammad Mohammadullah , Acting President (1973–1974), President (1974–1975)Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , President (1975)Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad , President (1975)Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem , President (1975–1977)Ziaur Rahman , President (1977–1981)Abdus Sattar , President (1981–1982)Hussain Muhammad Ershad , President (1982)A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury , President (1982–1983)Hussain Muhammad Ershad , President (1983–1990)Shahabuddin Ahmed , Interim President (1990–1991)Abdur Rahman Biswas , President (1991–1996)Shahabuddin Ahmed , President (1996–2001)Tajuddin Ahmad , Prime minister (1971–1972)Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , Prime minister (1972–1975)Muhammad Mansur Ali , Prime minister (1975)Mashiur Rahman , Prime minister (1978–1979)Shah Azizur Rahman , Prime minister (1979–1982)Ataur Rahman Khan , Prime minister (1984–1986)Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury , Prime minister (1986–1988)Moudud Ahmed , Prime minister (1988–1989)Kazi Zafar Ahmed , Prime minister (1989–1990)Khaleda Zia , Prime minister (1991–1996)Muhammad Habibur Rahman , Prime minister (1996)Sheikh Hasina , Prime minister (1996–2001)Bhutan
India
Rajendra Prasad , President (1950–1962)Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan , President (1962–1967)Zakir Husain , President (1967–1969)V. V. Giri , Acting President (1969)Mohammad Hidayatullah , Acting President (1969)V. V. Giri , President (1969–1974)Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed , President (1974–1977)B. D. Jatti , Acting President (1977)Neelam Sanjiva Reddy , President (1977–1982)Zail Singh , President (1982–1987)R. Venkataraman , President (1987–1992)Shankar Dayal Sharma , President (1992–1997)K. R. Narayanan , President (1997–2002)Jawaharlal Nehru , Prime minister (1947–1964)Gulzarilal Nanda , Acting Prime minister (1964)Lal Bahadur Shastri , Prime minister (1964–1966)Gulzarilal Nanda , Acting Prime minister (1966)Indira Gandhi , Prime minister (1966–1977)Morarji Desai , Prime minister (1977–1979)Charan Singh , Prime minister (1979–1980)Indira Gandhi , Prime minister (1980–1984)Rajiv Gandhi , Prime minister (1984–1989)V. P. Singh , Prime minister (1989–1990)Chandra Shekhar , Prime minister (1990–1991)P. V. Narasimha Rao , Prime minister (1991–1996)Atal Bihari Vajpayee , Prime minister (1996)H. D. Deve Gowda , Prime minister (1996–1997)I. K. Gujral , Prime minister (1997–1998)Atal Bihari Vajpayee , Prime minister (1998–2004)Maldives
Nepal
Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana , Prime minister (1948–1951)Matrika Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (1951–1952)Matrika Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (1953–1955)Tanka Prasad Acharya , Prime minister (1956–1957)Kunwar Inderjit Singh , Prime minister (1957–1958)Subarna Shamsher Rana , Prime minister (1958–1959)Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (1959–1960)Tulsi Giri , Prime minister (1960–1963)Surya Bahadur Thapa , Prime minister (1963–1964)Tulsi Giri , Prime minister (1964–1965)Surya Bahadur Thapa , Prime minister (1965–1969)Kirti Nidhi Bista , Prime minister (1969–1970)Gehendra Bahadur Rajbhandari , Acting Prime minister (1970–1971)Kirti Nidhi Bista , Prime minister (1971–1973)Nagendra Prasad Rijal , Prime minister (1973–1975)Tulsi Giri , Prime minister (1975–1977)Kirti Nidhi Bista , Prime minister (1977–1979)Surya Bahadur Thapa , Prime minister (1979–1983)Lokendra Bahadur Chand , Prime minister (1983–1986)Nagendra Prasad Rijal , Prime minister (1986)Marich Man Singh Shrestha , Prime minister (1986–1990)Lokendra Bahadur Chand , Prime minister (1990)Krishna Prasad Bhattarai , Prime minister (1990–1991)Girija Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (1991–1994)Man Mohan Adhikari , Prime minister (1994–1995)Sher Bahadur Deuba , Prime minister (1995–1997)Lokendra Bahadur Chand , Prime minister (1997)Surya Bahadur Thapa , Prime minister (1997–1998)Girija Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (1998–1999)Krishna Prasad Bhattarai , Prime minister (1999–2000)Girija Prasad Koirala , Prime minister (2000–2001)Pakistan
Iskander Mirza , President (1956–1958)Ayub Khan , President (1958–1969)Yahya Khan , President (1969–1971)Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , President (1971–1973)Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry , President (1973–1978)Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , President (1978–1988)Ghulam Ishaq Khan , President (1988–1993)Wasim Sajjad , Acting President (1993)Farooq Leghari , President (1993–1997)Wasim Sajjad , Acting President (1997)Muhammad Rafiq Tarar , President (1997–2001)Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy , Prime minister (1956–1957)Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar , Prime minister (1957)Feroz Khan Noon , Prime minister (1957–1958)Nurul Amin , Prime minister (1971)Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , Prime minister (1973–1977)Muhammad Khan Junejo , Prime minister (1985–1988)Benazir Bhutto , Prime minister (1988–1990)Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi , Acting Prime minister (1990)Nawaz Sharif , Prime minister (1990–1993)Balakh Sher Mazari , Acting Prime minister (1993)Nawaz Sharif , Prime minister (1993)Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi , Acting Prime minister (1993)Benazir Bhutto , Prime minister (1993–1996)Malik Meraj Khalid , Acting Prime minister (1996–1997)Nawaz Sharif , Prime minister (1997–1999)Sri Lanka
Asia: West Bahrain
Protectorate of the United Kingdom, 1861–1971 Cyprus
Colony, 1878–1960 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Iran
Iraq
Nuri al-Said , Prime minister (1930–1932, 1938–1940, 1941–1944, 1946–1947, 1949, 1950–1952, 1954–1957, 1958)Mustafa Mahmud al-Umari , Prime minister (1952–1953)Nureddin Mahmud , Prime minister (1952–1953)Jameel Al-Madfaai , Prime minister (1933–1934, 1935, 1937–1938, 1941, 1953)Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali , Prime minister (1953–1954)Arshad al-Umari , Prime minister (1946, 1954)Ali Jawdat Al-Ayyubi , Prime minister (1934–1935, 1949–1950, 1957)Abdul-Wahab Mirjan , Prime minister (1957–1958)Ahmad Mukhtar Baban , Prime minister (1958)Israel
David Ben-Gurion , Prime minister (1948–1953)Moshe Sharett , Prime minister (1953–1955)David Ben-Gurion , Prime minister (1955–1963)Levi Eshkol , Prime minister (1963–1969)Yigal Allon , Acting Prime minister (1969)Golda Meir , Prime minister (1969–1974)Yitzhak Rabin , Prime minister (1974–1977)Menachem Begin , Prime minister (1977–1983)Yitzhak Shamir , Prime minister (1983–1984)Shimon Peres , Prime minister (1984–1986)Yitzhak Shamir , Prime minister (1986–1992)Yitzhak Rabin , Prime minister (1992–1995)Shimon Peres , Prime minister (1995–1996)Benjamin Netanyahu , Prime minister (1996–1999)Ehud Barak , Prime minister (1999–2001)Jordan
Samir al-Rifai , Prime minister (1950–1951)Tawfik Abu al-Huda , Prime minister (1951–1953)Fawzi al-Mulki , Prime minister (1953–1954)Tawfik Abu al-Huda , Prime minister (1954–1955)Sa`id al-Mufti , Prime minister (1955)Hazza' al-Majali , Prime minister (1955)Ibrahim Hashem , Acting Prime minister (1955–1956)Samir al-Rifai , Prime minister (1956)Sa`id al-Mufti , Prime minister (1956)Ibrahim Hashem , Prime minister (1956)Sulayman al-Nabulsi , Prime minister (1956–1957)Husayin al-Khalidi , Prime minister (1957)Ibrahim Hashem , Prime minister (1957–1958)Samir al-Rifai , Prime minister (1958–1959)Hazza' al-Majali , Prime minister (1959–1960)Bahjat Talhouni , Prime minister (1960–1962)Wasfi al-Tal , Prime minister (1962–1963)Samir al-Rifai , Prime minister (1963)Hussein ibn Nasser , Prime minister (1963–1964)Bahjat Talhouni , Prime minister (1964–1965)Wasfi al-Tal , Prime minister (1965–1967)Hussein ibn Nasser , Prime minister (1967)Saad Jumaa , Prime minister (1967)Bahjat Talhouni , Prime minister (1967–1969)Abdelmunim al-Rifai , Prime minister (1969)Bahjat Talhouni , Prime minister (1969–1970)Abdelmunim al-Rifai , Prime minister (1970)Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi , Prime minister (1970)Ahmad Toukan , Prime minister (1970)Wasfi al-Tal , Prime minister (1970–1971)Ahmad Lozi , Prime minister (1971–1973)Zaid al-Rifai , Prime minister (1973–1976)Mudar Badran , Prime minister (1976–1979)Abdelhamid Sharaf , Prime minister (1979–1980)Kassim al-Rimawi , Prime minister (1980)Mudar Badran , Prime minister (1980–1984)Ahmad Obeidat , Prime minister (1984–1985)Zaid al-Rifai , Prime minister (1985–1989)Zaid ibn Shaker , Prime minister (1989)Mudar Badran , Prime minister (1989–1991)Taher al-Masri , Prime minister (1991)Zaid ibn Shaker , Prime minister (1991–1993)Abdelsalam al-Majali , Prime minister (1993–1995)Zaid ibn Shaker , Prime minister (1995–1996)Abdul Karim al-Kabariti , Prime minister (1996–1997)Abdelsalam al-Majali , Prime minister (1997–1998)Fayez al-Tarawneh , Prime minister (1998–1999)Abdelraouf al-Rawabdeh , Prime minister (1999–2000)Ali Abu al-Ragheb , Prime minister (2000–2003)Kuwait
Lebanon
Bechara El Khoury , President (1943–1952)Fuad Chehab , Acting President (1952)Camille Chamoun , President (1952–1958)Fuad Chehab , President (1958–1964)Charles Helou , President (1964–1970)Suleiman Frangieh , President (1970–1976)Elias Sarkis , President (1976–1982)Amine Gemayel , President (1982–1988)Selim Hoss , Acting President, Disputed (1988–1989)Michel Aoun , Acting President, Disputed (1988–1990)René Moawad , President, Disputed (1989)Selim Hoss , Acting President (1989)Elias Hrawi , President (1989–1998)Émile Lahoud , President (1998–2007)Riad Al Solh , Prime minister (1946–1951)Hussein Al Oweini , Prime minister (1951)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1951–1952)Sami as-Solh , Prime minister (1952)Nazem Akkari , Prime minister (1952)Saeb Salam , Prime minister (1952)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1952)Khaled Chehab , Prime minister (1952–1953)Saeb Salam , Prime minister (1953)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1953–1954)Sami as-Solh , Prime minister (1954–1955)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1955–1956)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1956)Sami as-Solh , Prime minister (1956–1958)Khalil al-Hibri , Prime minister (1958)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1958–1960)Ahmad Daouk , Prime minister (1960)Saeb Salam , Prime minister (1960–1961)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1961–1964)Hussein Al Oweini , Prime minister (1964–1965)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1965–1966)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1966)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1966–1968)Abdallah El-Yafi , Prime minister (1968–1969)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1969–1970)Saeb Salam , Prime minister (1970–1973)Amin al-Hafez , Prime minister (1973)Takieddin el-Solh , Prime minister (1973–1974)Rachid Solh , Prime minister (1974–1975)Nureddine Rifai , Prime minister (1975)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1975–1976)Selim Hoss , Prime minister (1976–1980)Takieddin el-Solh , Prime minister (1980)Shafik Wazzan , Prime minister (1980–1984)Rashid Karami , Prime minister (1984–1987)Selim Hoss , Prime minister (1987–1990)Michel Aoun , Disputed Prime minister (1988–1990)Omar Karami , Prime minister (1990–1992)Rachid Solh , Prime minister (1992)Rafic Hariri , Prime minister (1992–1998)Selim Hoss , Prime minister (1998–2000)Rafic Hariri , Prime minister (2000–2004)Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Nazim al-Kudsi , Prime minister (1950–1951)Khalid al-Azm , Prime minister (1951)Hassan al-Hakim , Prime minister (1951)Zaki al-Khatib , Prime minister (1951)Maarouf al-Dawalibi , Prime minister (1951)Fawzi Selu , Prime minister (1951–1953)Adib Shishakli , Prime minister (1953–1954)Sabri al-Asali , Prime minister (1954)Said al-Ghazzi , Prime minister (1954)Fares al-Khoury , Prime minister (1954–1955)Sabri al-Asali , Prime minister (1955)Said al-Ghazzi , Prime minister (1955–1956)Sabri al-Asali , Prime minister (1956–1958)Maamun al-Kuzbari , Acting President (1961)Izzat al-Nuss , Acting President (1961)Nazim al-Kudsi , President (1961–1963)Lu'ay al-Atassi , President (1963)Amin al-Hafiz , President (1963–1966)Nureddin al-Atassi , President (1966–1970)Ahmad al-Khatib , Acting President (1970–1971)Hafez al-Assad , President (1971–2000)Abdul Halim Khaddam , Acting President (2000)Bashar al-Assad , President (2000–present)Maamun al-Kuzbari , Prime minister (1961)Izzat al-Nuss , Prime minister (1961)Maarouf al-Dawalibi , Prime minister (1961–1962)Bashir al-Azma , Prime minister (1962)Khalid al-Azm , Prime minister (1962–1963)Salah al-Din al-Bitar , Prime minister (1963)Amin al-Hafiz , Prime minister (1963–1964)Salah al-Din al-Bitar , Prime minister (1964)Amin al-Hafiz , Prime minister (1964–1965)Yusuf Zuayyin , Prime minister (1965)Salah al-Din al-Bitar , Prime minister (1966)Yusuf Zuaiyin , Prime minister (1966–1968)Nureddin al-Atassi , Prime minister (1968–1970)Hafez al-Assad , Prime minister (1970–1971)Abdul Rahman Khleifawi , Prime minister (1971–1972)Mahmoud al-Ayyubi , Prime minister (1972–1976)Abdul Rahman Khleifawi , Prime minister (1976–1978)Muhammad Ali al-Halabi , Prime minister (1978–1980)Abdul Rauf al-Kasm , Prime minister (1980–1987)Mahmoud Zuabi , Prime minister (1987–2000)Muhammad Mustafa Mero , Prime minister (2000–2003)Turkey
Celâl Bayar , President (1950–1960)Cemal Gürsel , Chairman (1960–1961), President (1961–1966)Cevdet Sunay , President (1966–1973)Fahri Korutürk , President (1973–1980)Kenan Evren , Chairman (1980–1982), President (1982–1989)Turgut Özal , President (1989–1993)Süleyman Demirel , President (1993–2000)Ahmet Necdet Sezer , President (2000–2007)Adnan Menderes , Prime minister (1950–1960)Cemal Gürsel , Prime minister (1960–1961)Fahri Özdilek , Acting Prime minister (1961)İsmet İnönü , Prime minister (1961–1965)Suat Hayri Ürgüplü , Prime minister (1965)Süleyman Demirel , Prime minister (1965–1971)Nihat Erim , Prime minister (1971–1972)Ferit Melen , Prime minister (1972–1973)Naim Talu , Prime minister (1973–1974)Bülent Ecevit , Prime minister (1974)Sadi Irmak , Prime minister (1974–1975)Süleyman Demirel , Prime minister (1975–1977)Bülent Ecevit , Prime minister (1977)Süleyman Demirel , Prime minister (1977–1978)Bülent Ecevit , Prime minister (1978–1979)Süleyman Demirel , Prime minister (1979–1980)Bülent Ulusu , Prime minister (1980–1983)Turgut Özal , Prime minister (1983–1989)Ali Bozer , Acting Prime minister (1989)Yıldırım Akbulut , Prime minister (1989–1991)Mesut Yılmaz , Prime minister (1991)Süleyman Demirel , Prime minister (1991–1993)Erdal İnönü , Acting Prime minister (1993)Tansu Çiller , Prime minister (1993–1996)Mesut Yılmaz , Prime minister (1996)Necmettin Erbakan , Prime minister (1996–1997)Mesut Yılmaz , Prime minister (1997–1999)Bülent Ecevit , Prime minister (1999–2002)United Arab Emirates
Yemen: North
Abdullah al-Sallal , Prime minister (1962–1963)Abdul Latif Dayfallah , Prime minister (1963)Abdul Rahman al-Iryani , Prime minister (1963–1964)Hassan al-Amri , Prime minister (1964)Hamoud al-Gayifi , Prime minister (1964–1965)Hassan al-Amri , Prime minister (1965)Ahmad Muhammad Numan , Prime minister (1965)Abdullah al-Sallal , Prime minister (1965)Hassan al-Amri , Prime minister (1965–1966)Abdullah al-Sallal , Prime minister (1966–1967)Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini , Prime minister (1967)Hassan al-Amri , Prime minister (1967–1969)Abdul Salam Sabrah , Acting Prime minister (1969)Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini , Prime minister (1969)Abdullah Kurshumi , Prime minister (1969–1970)Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini , Prime minister (1970–1971)Abdul Salam Sabrah , Acting Prime minister (1971)Ahmad Muhammad Numan , Prime minister (1971)Hassan al-Amri , Prime minister (1971)Abdul Salam Sabrah , Acting Prime minister (1971)Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini , Prime minister (1971–1972)Kadhi Abdullah al-Hagri , Prime minister (1972–1974)Hassan Muhammad Makki , Prime minister (1974)Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini , Prime minister (1974–1975)Abdul Latif Dayfallah , Acting Prime minister (1975)Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani , Prime minister (1975–1980)Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani , Prime minister (1980–1983)Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani , Prime minister (1983–1990)Yemen: South
Muhsin ibn Farid al-Yaslami al-'Awlaqi, Amir (1902–1959) 'Abd Allah ibn Muhsin al-Yaslami al-'Awlaqi, Amir (1959–1967) Nasir ibn 'Abd Allah al-Wahidi, Sultan (1948–1967) 'Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Sa`id al-Wahidi, Regent (1967) 'Awad ibn Salih al-'Awlaqi, Sultan (1935–1967) 'Ali ibn 'Ali al-'Amiri, Emir (1947–1954) Shafa`ul ibn 'Ali al-'Amiri, Emir (1954–1967) al-Husayn ibn 'Abd Allah al-Wahidi, Sultan (1962), Subordinate ruler (1962–1967) al-Husain ibn 'Ali al-Kathir, Sultan (1949–1967) Aydarus ibn Muhsin al-Afifi, ruler (1925–1958) Mahmud ibn Aydarus al-Afifi, ruler (1958–1967) Muhammad ibn Salih ibn 'Umar Al Harhara, Sultan (1948–1967) al-Fadl V ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali, Sultan (1947–1952) 'Ali III ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali, Sultan (1952–1958) al-Fadl VI ibn 'Ali al-'Abdali, Sultan (1958–1967) Ahmad ibn 'Abd Allah Afrar al-Mahri, Sultan (mid-20th century–1952) 'Isa ibn 'Ali ibn Salim Afrar al-Mahri, Sultan (1952–1967) British Colony, 1937–1963 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Yemen: United
Ali Abdullah Saleh , Chairman of the Presidential Council (1990–1994), president (1994–2012)
Europe
Europe: Balkans Albania
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Greece
Sofoklis Venizelos , Prime minister (1950–1951)Nikolaos Plastiras , Prime minister (1951–1952)Dimitrios Kiousopoulos , caretaker Prime minister (1952)Alexander Papagos , Prime minister (1952–1955)Konstantinos Karamanlis , Prime minister (1955–1958)Konstantinos Georgakopoulos , caretaker Prime minister (1958)Konstantinos Karamanlis , Prime minister (1958–1961)Konstantinos Dovas , Prime minister (1961)Konstantinos Karamanlis , Prime minister (1961–1963)Panagiotis Pipinelis , Prime minister (1963)Stylianos Mavromichalis , caretaker Prime minister (1963)Georgios Papandreou , prime minister (1963)Ioannis Paraskevopoulos , caretaker Prime minister (1963–1964)Georgios Papandreou , Prime minister (1964–1965)Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas , Prime minister (1965)Ilias Tsirimokos , Prime minister (1965)Stefanos Stefanopoulos , Prime minister (1965–1966)Ioannis Paraskevopoulos , Interim Prime minister (1966–1967)Panagiotis Kanellopoulos , caretaker Prime minister (1967)Kosovo
Yugoslavia: Serbia & Yugoslavia
Josip Broz Tito , General Secretary (1945–1964), President of the Presidium (1964–1980)Stevan Doronjski , President of the Presidium (1980)Lazar Mojsov , President of the Presidium (1980–1981)Dušan Dragosavac , President of the Presidium (1981–1982)Mitja Ribičić , President of the Presidium (1982–1983)Dragoslav Marković , President of the Presidium (1983–1984)Ali Shukrija , President of the Presidium (1984–1985)Vidoje Žarković , President of the Presidium (1985–1986)Milanko Renovica , President of the Presidium (1986–1987)Boško Krunić , President of the Presidium (1987–1988)Stipe Šuvar , President of the Presidium (1988–1989)Milan Pančevski , President of the Presidium (1989–1990)Ivan Ribar , President of the Presidency (1945–1953)Josip Broz Tito , President (1953–1980)Lazar Koliševski , President of the Presidency (1980)Cvijetin Mijatović , President of the Presidency (1980–1981)Sergej Kraigher , President of the Presidency (1981–1982)Petar Stambolić , President of the Presidency (1982–1983)Mika Špiljak , President of the Presidency (1983–1984)Veselin Đuranović , President of the Presidency (1984–1985)Radovan Vlajković , President of the Presidency (1985–1986)Sinan Hasani , President of the Presidency (1986–1987)Lazar Mojsov , President of the Presidency (1987–1988)Raif Dizdarević , President of the Presidency (1988–1989)Janez Drnovšek , President of the Presidency (1989–1990)Borisav Jović , President of the Presidency (1990–1991)Sejdo Bajramović , Acting President of the Presidency (1991)Stjepan Mesić , President of the Presidency (1991)Branko Kostić , Acting President of the Presidency (1991–1992)Josip Broz Tito , Prime minister (1941–1963)Petar Stambolić , Prime minister (1963–1967)Mika Špiljak , Prime minister (1967–1969)Mitja Ribičič , Prime minister (1969–1971)Džemal Bijedić , Prime minister (1971–1977)Veselin Đuranović , Prime minister (1977–1982)Milka Planinc , Prime minister (1982–1986)Branko Mikulić , Prime minister (1986–1989)Ante Marković , Prime minister (1989–1991)Aleksandar Mitrović , Acting Prime minister (1991–1992)Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yugoslavia: Croatia
Dušan Vještica, Prime minister (1991–1992) Risto Matković, Acting Prime minister (1992–1992) Zdravko Zečević, Prime minister (1992–1993) Đorđe Bjegović, Prime minister (1993–1994) Borislav Mikelić , Prime minister (1994–1995)Milan Babić , Prime minister (1995–1995)United Nations protectorate , 1996–1998 Yugoslavia: Macedonia
Yugoslavia: Slovenia
Europe: Baltic states Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Kazimira Prunskienė , Prime minister (1990–1991)Albertas Šimėnas , Prime minister (1991)Gediminas Vagnorius , Prime minister (1991–1992)Aleksandras Abišala , Prime minister (1992)Bronislovas Lubys , Prime minister (1992–1993)Adolfas Šleževičius , Prime minister (1993–1996)Laurynas Stankevičius , Prime minister (1996)Gediminas Vagnorius , Prime minister (1996–1999)Irena Degutienė , Acting Prime minister (1999)Rolandas Paksas , Prime minister (1999)Irena Degutienė , Acting Prime minister (1999)Andrius Kubilius , Prime minister (1999–2000)Rolandas Paksas , Prime minister (2000–2001)
Europe: British Isles Ireland
John A. Costello , Taoiseach (1948–1951)Éamon de Valera , Taoiseach (1951–1954)John A. Costello , Taoiseach (1954–1957)Éamon de Valera , Taoiseach (1957–1959)Seán Lemass , Taoiseach (1959–1966)Jack Lynch , Taoiseach (1966–1973)Liam Cosgrave , Taoiseach (1973–1977)Jack Lynch , Taoiseach (1977–1979)Charles Haughey , Taoiseach (1979–1981)Garret FitzGerald , Taoiseach (1981–1982)Charles Haughey , Taoiseach (1982)Garret FitzGerald , Taoiseach (1981–1987)Charles Haughey , Taoiseach (1987–1992)Albert Reynolds , Taoiseach (1992–1994)John Bruton , Taoiseach (1994–1997)Bertie Ahern , Taoiseach (1997–2008)United Kingdom
Clement Attlee , Prime minister (1945–1951)Winston Churchill , Prime minister (1951–1955)Anthony Eden , Prime minister (1955–1957)Harold Macmillan , Prime minister (1957–1963)Alec Douglas-Home , Prime minister (1963–1964)Harold Wilson , Prime minister (1964–1970)Edward Heath , Prime minister (1970–1974)Harold Wilson , Prime minister (1974–1976)James Callaghan , Prime minister (1976–1979)Margaret Thatcher , Prime minister (1979–1990)John Major , Prime minister (1990–1997)Tony Blair , Prime minister (1997–2007)
Europe: Central Austria
Antoine Béthouart , High Commissioner (1945–1955)Jean Payart [de] , High Commissioner (1950–1954) Jean Chauvel [fr] , High Commissioner (1954–1955) Roger Lalouette [de] , High Commissioner (1955) François Seydoux de Clausonne , High Commissioner (1955)Czechoslovakia
Germany
Federal Republic of Germany Helmut Kohl , Chancellor of West Germany (1982–1990), Chancellor of reunified Germany (1990–1998)Gerhard Schröder , Chancellor (1998–2005)Hungary
István Dobi , Prime minister (1949–1952)Mátyás Rákosi , Prime minister (1952–1953)Imre Nagy , Prime minister (1953–1955)András Hegedüs , Prime minister (1955–1956)Imre Nagy , Prime minister (1956)János Kádár , Prime minister (1956–1958)Ferenc Münnich , Prime minister (1958–1961)János Kádár , Prime minister (1961–1965)Gyula Kállai , Prime minister (1965–1967)Jenő Fock , Prime minister (1967–1975)György Lázár , Prime minister (1975–1987)Károly Grósz , Prime minister (1987–1988)Miklós Németh , Prime minister (1988–1989)Liechtenstein
Poland
Józef Cyrankiewicz , Prime minister (1947–1952)Bolesław Bierut , Prime minister (1952–1954)Józef Cyrankiewicz , Prime minister (1954–1970)Piotr Jaroszewicz , Prime minister (1970–1980)Edward Babiuch , Prime minister (1980)Józef Pińkowski , Prime minister (1980–1981)Wojciech Jaruzelski , Prime minister (1981–1985)Zbigniew Messner , Prime minister (1985–1988)Mieczysław Rakowski , Prime minister (1988–1989)Czesław Kiszczak , Prime minister (1989)Tadeusz Mazowiecki , Prime minister (1989–1991)Switzerland
Eduard von Steiger , President of the Confederation (1951)Karl Kobelt , President of the Confederation (1952)Philipp Etter , President of the Confederation (1953)Rodolphe Rubattel , President of the Confederation (1954)Max Petitpierre , President of the Confederation (1955)Markus Feldmann , President of the Confederation (1956)Hans Streuli , President of the Confederation (1957)Thomas Holenstein , President of the Confederation (1958)Paul Chaudet , President of the Confederation (1959)Max Petitpierre , President of the Confederation (1960)Friedrich Traugott Wahlen , President of the Confederation (1961)Paul Chaudet , President of the Confederation (1962)Willy Spühler , President of the Confederation (1963)Ludwig von Moos , President of the Confederation (1964)Hans-Peter Tschudi , President of the Confederation (1965)Hans Schaffner , President of the Confederation (1966)Roger Bonvin , President of the Confederation (1967)Willy Spühler , President of the Confederation (1968)Ludwig von Moos , President of the Confederation (1969)Hans-Peter Tschudi , President of the Confederation (1970)Rudolf Gnägi , President of the Confederation (1971)Nello Celio , President of the Confederation (1972)Roger Bonvin , President of the Confederation (1973)Ernst Brugger , President of the Confederation (1974)Pierre Graber , President of the Confederation (1975)Rudolf Gnägi , President of the Confederation (1976)Kurt Furgler , President of the Confederation (1977)Willi Ritschard , President of the Confederation (1978)Hans Hürlimann , President of the Confederation (1979)Georges-André Chevallaz , President of the Confederation (1980)Kurt Furgler , President of the Confederation (1981)Fritz Honegger , President of the Confederation (1982)Pierre Aubert , President of the Confederation (1983)Leon Schlumpf , President of the Confederation (1984)Kurt Furgler , President of the Confederation (1985)Alphons Egli , President of the Confederation (1986)Pierre Aubert , President of the Confederation (1987)Otto Stich , President of the Confederation (1988)Jean-Pascal Delamuraz , President of the Confederation (1989)Arnold Koller , President of the Confederation (1990)Flavio Cotti , President of the Confederation (1991)René Felber , President of the Confederation (1992)Adolf Ogi , President of the Confederation (1993)Otto Stich , President of the Confederation (1994)Kaspar Villiger , President of the Confederation (1995)Jean-Pascal Delamuraz , President of the Confederation (1996)Arnold Koller , President of the Confederation (1997)Flavio Cotti , President of the Confederation (1998)Ruth Dreifuss , President of the Confederation (1999)Adolf Ogi , President of the Confederation (2000)
Europe: East Belarus
Moldova
Igor Smirnov , Chairman of the Provisional Supreme Soviet (1990), of the Republic (1990–1991)Andrey Manoylov , Acting Chairman of the Republic (1991)Igor Smirnov, Chairman of the Republic (1991), President (1991–2011) Stanislav Moroz, Acting Prime minister (1990) Romania
Constantin Ion Parhon , President of the Provisional Presidium (1947–1948), President of the Presidium (1948–1952)Nicolae Ceaușescu , President of the State Council (1967–1974), President (1974–1989)Petre Roman , Acting Prime minister (1989–1990), Prime minister (1990–1991)Theodor Stolojan , Prime minister (1991–1992)Nicolae Văcăroiu , Prime minister (1992–1996)Victor Ciorbea , Prime minister (1996–1998)Gavril Dejeu , Interim Prime minister (1998–1999)Radu Vasile , Prime minister (1999)Alexandru Athanasiu , Interim Prime minister (1999)Mugur Isărescu , Prime minister (1999–2000)Adrian Năstase , Prime minister (2000–2004)Russia
Nikolay Shvernik , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1946–1953)Kliment Voroshilov , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1953–1960)Leonid Brezhnev , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1960–1964)Anastas Mikoyan , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1964–1965)Nikolai Podgorny , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1965–1977)Leonid Brezhnev , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1977–1982)Yuri Andropov , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1983–1984)Konstantin Chernenko , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1984–1985)Andrei Gromyko , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1985–1988)Mikhail Gorbachev , Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (1988–1990), president (1990–1991)Joseph Stalin , Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1941–1946), Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1953)Georgy Malenkov , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1953–1955)Nikolai Bulganin , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1955–1958)Nikita Khrushchev , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1958–1964)Alexei Kosygin , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1964–1980)Nikolai Tikhonov , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1980–1985)Nikolai Ryzhkov , Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1985–1991)Valentin Pavlov , Prime minister (1991)Ivan Silayev , Chairman of the Interstate Economic Committee (1991)Ukraine
Vitold Fokin , Acting Prime minister (1990–1991), Prime minister (1991–1992)Valentyn Symonenko , Acting Prime minister (1992)Leonid Kuchma , Prime minister (1992–1993)Yukhym Zvyahilsky , Acting Prime minister (1993–1994)Vitaliy Masol , Prime minister (1994–1995)Yevhen Marchuk , Prime minister (1995–1996)Pavlo Lazarenko , Prime minister (1996–1997)Vasyl Durdynets , Acting Prime minister (1997)Valeriy Pustovoitenko , Prime minister (1997–1999)Viktor Yushchenko , Prime minister (1999–2001)
Europe: Nordic Denmark
Erik Eriksen , Prime minister (1950–1953)Hans Hedtoft , Prime minister (1953–1955)H. C. Hansen , Prime minister (1955–1960)Viggo Kampmann , Prime minister (1960–1962)Jens Otto Krag , Prime minister (1962–1968)Hilmar Baunsgaard , Prime minister (1968–1971)Jens Otto Krag , Prime minister (1971–1972)Anker Jørgensen , Prime minister (1972–1973)Poul Hartling , Prime minister (1973–1975)Anker Jørgensen , Prime minister (1975–1982)Poul Schlüter , Prime minister (1982–1993)Poul Nyrup Rasmussen , Prime minister (1993–2001)Finland
Urho Kekkonen , Prime minister (1950–1953)Sakari Tuomioja , Prime minister (1953–1954)Ralf Törngren , Prime minister (1954)Urho Kekkonen , Prime minister (1954–1956)Karl-August Fagerholm , Prime minister (1956–1957)V. J. Sukselainen , Prime minister (1957)Rainer von Fieandt , Prime minister (1957)Reino Kuuskoski , Prime minister (1957–1958)Karl-August Fagerholm , Prime minister (1958–1959)V. J. Sukselainen , Prime minister (1959–1961)Martti Miettunen , Prime minister (1961–1962)Ahti Karjalainen , Prime minister (1962–1963)Reino Ragnar Lehto , Prime minister (1963–1964)Johannes Virolainen , Prime minister (1964–1966)Rafael Paasio , Prime minister (1966–1968)Mauno Koivisto , Prime minister (1968–1970)Teuvo Aura , Prime minister (1970)Ahti Karjalainen , Prime minister (1970–1971)Teuvo Aura , Prime minister (1971–1972)Rafael Paasio , Prime minister (1972)Kalevi Sorsa , Prime minister (1972–1975)Keijo Liinamaa , Prime minister (1975)Martti Miettunen , Prime minister (1975–1977)Kalevi Sorsa , Prime minister (1977–1979)Mauno Koivisto , Prime minister (1979–1982)Kalevi Sorsa , Prime minister (1982–1987)Harri Holkeri , Prime minister (1987–1991)Esko Aho , Prime minister (1991–1995)Paavo Lipponen , Prime minister (1995–2003)Iceland
Steingrímur Steinþórsson , Prime minister (1950–1953)Ólafur Thors , Prime minister (1953–1956)Hermann Jónasson , Prime minister (1956–1958)Emil Jónsson , Prime minister (1958–1959)Ólafur Thors , Prime minister (1959–1963)Bjarni Benediktsson , Prime minister (1963–1970)Jóhann Hafstein , Prime minister (1970–1971)Ólafur Jóhannesson , Prime minister (1971–1974)Geir Hallgrímsson , Prime minister (1974–1978)Ólafur Jóhannesson , Prime minister (1978–1979)Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal , Prime minister (1979–1980)Gunnar Thoroddsen , Prime minister (1980–1983)Steingrímur Hermannsson , Prime minister (1983–1987)Þorsteinn Pálsson , Prime minister (1987–1988)Steingrímur Hermannsson , Prime minister (1988–1991)Davíð Oddsson , Prime minister (1991–2004)Norway
Einar Gerhardsen , Prime minister (1945–1951)Oscar Torp , Prime minister (1951–1955)Einar Gerhardsen , Prime minister (1955–1963)John Lyng , Prime minister (1963)Einar Gerhardsen , Prime minister (1963–1965)Per Borten , Prime minister (1965–1971)Trygve Bratteli , Prime minister (1971–1972)Lars Korvald , Prime minister (1972–1973)Trygve Bratteli , Prime minister (1973–1976)Odvar Nordli , Prime minister (1976–1981)Gro Harlem Brundtland , Prime minister (1981)Kåre Willoch , Prime minister (1981–1986)Gro Harlem Brundtland , Prime minister (1986–1989)Jan P. Syse , Prime minister (1989–1990)Gro Harlem Brundtland , Prime minister (1990–1996)Thorbjørn Jagland , Prime minister (1996–1997)Kjell Magne Bondevik , Prime minister (1997–2000)Jens Stoltenberg , Prime minister (2000–2001)Sweden
Tage Erlander , Prime minister (1946–1969)Olof Palme , Prime minister (1969–1976)Thorbjörn Fälldin , Prime minister (1976–1978)Ola Ullsten , Prime minister (1978–1979)Thorbjörn Fälldin , Prime minister (1979–1982)Olof Palme , Prime minister (1982–1986)Ingvar Carlsson , Prime minister (1986–1991)Carl Bildt , Prime minister (1991–1994)Ingvar Carlsson , Prime minister (1994–1996)Göran Persson , Prime minister (1996–2006)
Europe: Southcentral Italy
Alcide De Gasperi , Prime minister (1946–1953)Giuseppe Pella , Prime minister (1953–1954)Amintore Fanfani , Prime minister (1954)Mario Scelba , Prime minister (1954–1955)Antonio Segni , Prime minister (1955–1957)Adone Zoli , Prime minister (1957–1958)Amintore Fanfani , Prime minister (1958–1959)Antonio Segni , Prime minister (1959–1960)Fernando Tambroni , Prime minister (1960)Amintore Fanfani , Prime minister (1960–1963)Giovanni Leone , Prime minister (1963)Aldo Moro , Prime minister (1963–1968)Giovanni Leone , Prime minister (1968)Mariano Rumor , Prime minister (1968–1970)Emilio Colombo , Prime minister (1970–1972)Giulio Andreotti , Prime minister (1972–1973)Mariano Rumor , Prime minister (1973–1974)Aldo Moro , Prime minister (1974–1976)Giulio Andreotti , Prime minister (1976–1979)Francesco Cossiga , Prime minister (1979–1980)Arnaldo Forlani , Prime minister (1980–1981)Giovanni Spadolini , Prime minister (1981–1982)Amintore Fanfani , Prime minister (1982–1983)Bettino Craxi , Prime minister (1983–1987)Amintore Fanfani , Prime minister (1987)Giovanni Goria , Prime minister (1987–1988)Ciriaco De Mita , Prime minister (1988–1989)Giulio Andreotti , Prime minister (1989–1992)Giuliano Amato , Prime minister (1992–1993)Carlo Azeglio Ciampi , Prime minister (1993–1994)Silvio Berlusconi , Prime minister (1994–1995)Lamberto Dini , Prime minister (1995–1996)Romano Prodi , Prime minister (1996–1998)Massimo D'Alema , Prime minister (1998–2000)Giuliano Amato , Prime minister (2000–2001)Malta
British colony, 1813–1964 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe San Marino
Marino Della Balda, Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent (1950–1951) Alvaro Casali, Romolo Giacomini, Captains Regent (1951) Domenico Forcellini, Giovanni Terenzi, Captains Regent (1951–1952) Domenico Morganti, Mariano Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1952) Arnaldo Para, Eugenio Bernardini, Captains Regent (1952–1953) Vincenzo Pedini, Alberto Reffi, Captains Regent (1953) Giordano Giacomini, Giuseppe Renzi, Captains Regent (1953–1954) Giuseppe Forcellini, Secondo Fiorini, Captains Regent (1954) Agostino Giacomini, Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent (1954–1955) Domenico Forcellini, Vittorio Meloni, Captains Regent (1955) Primo Bugli, Giuseppe Maiani , Captains Regent (1955–1956) Mario Nanni, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1956) Mariano Ceccoli, Eugenio Bernardini, Captains Regent (1956–1957) Giordano Giacomini, Primo Marani, Captains Regent (1957) Federico Bigi, Alvaro Casali, Pietro Giancecchi, Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti, Provisional Captains Regent (1957) Marino Valdes Franciosi, Federico Micheloni, Captains Regent (1957–1958) Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1958) Domenico Forcellini, Pietro Reffi, Captains Regent (1958–1959) Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent (1959) Giuseppe Forcellini, Ferruccio Piva, Captains Regent (1959–1960) Alvaro Casali, Gino Vannucci, Captains Regent (1960) Eugenio Reffi, Pietro Giancecchi, Captains Regent (1960–1961) Federico Micheloni, Giancarlo Ghironzi , Captains Regent (1961) Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Pio Galassi, Captains Regent (1961–1962) Domenico Forcellini, Francesco Valli, Captains Regent (1962) Antonio Maria Morganti, Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent (1962–1963) Leonida Suzzi Valli, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1963) Giovan Luigi Franciosi, Domenico Bollini, Captains Regent (1963–1964) Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Eusebio Reffi, Captains Regent (1964) Giuseppe Micheloni, Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Regent (1964–1965) Ferruccio Piva, Federico Carattoni, Captains Regent (1965) Alvaro Casali, Pietro Reffi, Captains Regent (1965–1966) Francesco Valli, Emilio Della Balda, Captains Regent (1966) Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Francesco Maria Francini, Captains Regent (1966–1967) Vittorio Rossini, Alberto Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1967) Domenico Forcellini, Romano Michelotti, Captains Regent (1967–1968) Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Dante Rossi, Captains Regent (1968) Pietro Giancecchi, Aldo Zavoli, Captains Regent (1968–1969) Ferruccio Piva, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1969) Alvaro Casali, Giancarlo Ghironzi , Captains Regent (1969–1970) Francesco Valli, Eusebio Reffi, Captains Regent (1970) Simone Rossini, Giuseppe Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1970–1971) Luigi Lonfernini , Attilio Montanari, Captains Regent (1971)Federico Carattoni, Marino Vagnetti , Captains Regent (1971–1972) Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Giuseppe Micheloni, Captains Regent (1972) Rosolino Martelli, Bruno Casali, Captains Regent (1972–1973) Francesco Maria Francini, Primo Bugli, Captains Regent (1973) Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari, Giovan Luigi Franciosi, Captains Regent (1973–1974) Ferruccio Piva, Giordano Bruno Reffi, Captains Regent (1974) Francesco Valli, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1974–1975) Alberto Cecchetti, Michele Righi, Captains Regent (1975) Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Giuseppe Della Balda, Captains Regent (1975–1976) Clelio Galassi, Marino Venturini , Captains Regent (1976) Primo Bugli, Virgilio Cardelli, Captains Regent (1976–1977) Alberto Lonfernini, Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari, Captains Regent (1977) Giordano Bruno Reffi, Tito Masi, Captains Regent (1977–1978) Francesco Valli, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1978) Ermenegildo Gasperoni , Adriano Reffi, Captains Regent (1978–1979)Marino Bollini , Lino Celli, Captains Regent (1979)Giuseppe Amici , Germano De Biagi, Captains Regent (1979–1980)Pietro Chiaruzzi, Primo Marani, Captains Regent (1980) Giancarlo Berardi, Rossano Zafferani, Captains Regent (1980–1981) Gastone Pasolini, Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini , Captains Regent (1981) Mario Rossi, Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent (1981–1982) Giuseppe Maiani , Marino Venturini , Captains Regent (1982)Libero Barulli, Maurizio Gobbi, Captains Regent (1982–1983) Adriano Reffi, Massimo Roberto Rossini, Captains Regent (1983) Renzo Renzi , Germano De Biagi, Captains Regent (1983–1984)Gloriana Ranocchini , Giorgio Crescentini , Captains Regent (1984)Marino Bollini , Giuseppe Amici , Captains Regent (1984–1985)Enzo Colombini , Severiano Tura, Captains Regent (1985)Pier Paolo Gasperoni, Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent (1985–1986) Marino Venturini , Ariosto Maiani, Captains Regent (1986)Giuseppe Arzilli , Maurizio Tomassoni, Captains Regent (1986–1987)Renzo Renzi , Carlo Franciosi , Captains Regent (1987)Rossano Zafferani, Gianfranco Terenzi , Captains Regent (1987–1988) Umberto Barulli , Rosolino Martelli, Captains Regent (1988)Luciano Cardelli, Reves Salvatori, Captains Regent (1988–1989) Mauro Fiorini, Marino Vagnetti , Captains Regent (1989) Gloriana Ranocchini , Leo Achilli, Captains Regent (1989–1990)Adalmiro Bartolini, Ottaviano Rossi, Captains Regent (1990) Cesare Gasperoni , Roberto Bucci, Captains Regent (1990–1991)Domenico Bernardini, Claudio Podeschi, Captains Regent (1991) Edda Ceccoli , Marino Riccardi , Captains Regent (1991–1992)Germano De Biagi, Ernesto Benedettini , Captains Regent (1992) Romeo Morri , Marino Zanotti, Captains Regent (1992–1993)Patrizia Busignani , Salvatore Tonelli, Captains Regent (1993)Gian Luigi Berti , Paride Andreoli, Captains Regent (1993–1994)Alberto Cecchetti, Fausto Mularoni, Captains Regent (1994) Renzo Ghiotti, Luciano Ciavatta, Captains Regent (1994–1995) Marino Bollini , Settimio Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1995)Pier Natalino Mularoni, Marino Venturini , Captains Regent (1995–1996) Pier Paolo Gasperoni, Pietro Bugli, Captains Regent (1996) Maurizio Rattini , Gian Carlo Venturini , Captains Regent (1996–1997)Paride Andreoli, Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Regent (1997) Luigi Mazza, Marino Zanotti, Captains Regent (1997–1998) Alberto Cecchetti, Loris Francini , Captains Regent (1998) Pietro Berti , Paolo Bollini , Captains Regent (1998–1999)Antonello Bacciocchi , Rosa Zafferani , Captains Regent (1999)Marino Bollini , Giuseppe Arzilli , Captains Regent (1999–2000)Maria Domenica Michelotti , Gian Marco Marcucci , Captains Regent (2000)Gianfranco Terenzi , Enzo Colombini , Captains Regent (2000–2001)Vatican
Europe: Southwest Andorra
Portugal
National Salvation Junta : António de Spínola (President), Francisco da Costa Gomes , Jaime Silvério Marques , Diogo Neto , Carlos Galvão de Melo , José Pinheiro de Azevedo , António Rosa Coutinho , Acting Head of state (1974)António de Spínola , President (1974)Francisco da Costa Gomes , President (1974–1976)António Ramalho Eanes , President (1976–1986)Mário Soares , President (1986–1996)Jorge Sampaio , President (1996–2006)National Salvation Junta : António de Spínola , Francisco da Costa Gomes , Jaime Silvério Marques , Diogo Neto , Carlos Galvão de Melo , José Pinheiro de Azevedo , António Rosa Coutinho , Acting Head of government (1974)Adelino da Palma Carlos , Prime minister (1974)Vasco Gonçalves , Prime minister (1974–1975)José Pinheiro de Azevedo , Prime minister (1975–1976)Vasco de Almeida e Costa , Acting Prime minister (1976)Mário Soares , Prime minister (1976–1978)Alfredo Nobre da Costa , Prime minister (1978)Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto , Prime minister (1978–1979)Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo , Prime minister (1979–1980)Francisco de Sá Carneiro , Prime minister (1980)Diogo de Freitas do Amaral , Acting Head of government (1980–1981)Francisco Pinto Balsemão , Prime minister (1981–1983)Mário Soares , Prime minister (1983–1985)Aníbal Cavaco Silva , Prime minister (1985–1995)António Guterres , Prime minister (1995–2002)Spain
Europe: West Belgium
Joseph Pholien , Prime minister (1950–1952)Jean Van Houtte , Prime minister (1952–1954)Achille Van Acker , Prime minister (1954–1958)Gaston Eyskens , Prime minister (1958–1961)Théo Lefèvre , Prime minister (1961–1965)Pierre Harmel , Prime minister (1965–1966)Paul Vanden Boeynants , Prime minister (1966–1968)Gaston Eyskens , Prime minister (1968–1973)Edmond Leburton , Prime minister (1973–1974)Leo Tindemans , Prime minister (1974–1978)Paul Vanden Boeynants , Prime minister (1978–1979)Wilfried Martens , Prime minister (1979–1981)Mark Eyskens , Prime minister (1981)Wilfried Martens , Prime minister (1981–1992)Jean-Luc Dehaene , Prime minister (1992–1999)Guy Verhofstadt , Prime minister (1999–2008)France
René Pleven , Prime minister (1950–1951)Henri Queuille , Prime minister (1951)René Pleven , Prime minister (1951–1952)Edgar Faure , Prime minister (1952)Antoine Pinay , Prime minister (1952–1953)René Mayer , Prime minister (1953)Joseph Laniel , Prime minister (1953–1954)Pierre Mendès France , Prime minister (1954–1955)Christian Pineau , Prime minister (1955)Edgar Faure , Prime minister (1955–1956)Guy Mollet , Prime minister (1956–1957)Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury , Prime minister (1957)Félix Gaillard , Prime minister (1957–1958)Pierre Pflimlin , Prime minister (1958)Charles de Gaulle , Prime minister (1958–1959)Michel Debré , Prime minister (1959–1962)Georges Pompidou , Prime minister (1962–1968)Maurice Couve de Murville , Prime minister (1968–1969)Jacques Chaban-Delmas , Prime minister (1969–1972)Pierre Messmer , Prime minister (1972–1974)Jacques Chirac , Prime minister (1974–1976)Raymond Barre , Prime minister (1976–1981)Pierre Mauroy , Prime minister (1981–1984)Laurent Fabius , Prime minister (1984–1986)Jacques Chirac , Prime minister (1986–1988)Michel Rocard , Prime minister (1988–1991)Édith Cresson , Prime minister (1991–1992)Pierre Bérégovoy , Prime minister (1992–1993)Édouard Balladur , Prime minister (1993–1995)Alain Juppé , Prime minister (1995–1997)Lionel Jospin , Prime minister (1997–2002)Luxembourg
Charlotte , Grand Duchess (1919–1964)Jean , Grand Duke (1964–2000)Henri , Grand Duke (2000–present)Monaco
Pierre Voizard , Minister of state (1950–1953)Henry Soum , Minister of state (1953–1959)Émile Pelletier , Minister of state (1959–1962)Pierre Blanchy , Acting Minister of state (1962–1963)Jean Reymond , Minister of state (1963–1966)Paul Demange , Minister of state (1966–1969)François-Didier Gregh , Minister of state (1969–1972)André Saint-Mleux , Minister of state (1972–1981)Jean Herly , Minister of state (1981–1985)Jean Ausseil , Minister of state (1985–1991)Jacques Dupont , Minister of state (1991–1994)Paul Dijoud , Minister of state (1994–1997)Michel Lévêque , Minister of state (1997–2000)Patrick Leclercq , Minister of state (2000–2005)Netherlands
Willem Drees , Prime minister (1948–1958)Louis Beel , Prime minister (1958–1959)Jan de Quay , Prime minister (1959–1963)Victor Marijnen , Prime minister (1963–1965)Jo Cals , Prime minister (1965–1966)Jelle Zijlstra , Prime minister (1966–1967)Piet de Jong , Prime minister (1967–1971)Barend Biesheuvel , Prime minister (1971–1973)Joop den Uyl , Prime minister (1973–1977)Dries van Agt , Prime minister (1977–1982)Ruud Lubbers , Prime minister (1982–1994)Wim Kok , Prime minister (1994–2002)
Eurasia: Caucasus Armenia
Vazgen Manukyan , Prime minister (1990–1991)Gagik Harutyunyan , Prime minister (1991–1992)Khosrov Harutyunyan , Prime minister (1992–1993)Hrant Bagratyan , Prime minister (1993–1996)Armen Sargsyan , Prime minister (1996–1997)Robert Kocharyan , Prime minister (1997–1998)Armen Darbinyan , Prime minister (1998–1999)Vazgen Sargsyan , Prime minister (1999)Aram Sargsyan , Prime minister (1999–2000)Andranik Margaryan , Prime minister (2000–2007)Azerbaijan
Leonard Petrosyan , President of the National Assembly (1991–1992)Artur Mkrtchyan , President of the National Assembly (1992)Georgi Petrosian Acting President of the National Assembly (1992–1993)Karen Baburyan [hy] , President of the National Assembly (1993–1996) Arthur Tovmasyan , President of the National Assembly (1996–1997)Oleg Yesayan , President of the National Assembly (1997–2005)Georgia
Oceania
Oceania: Australia and Papua New Guinea Australia
Sir Robert Menzies , Prime minister (1949–1966)Harold Holt , Prime minister (1966–1967)John McEwen , Prime minister (1967–1968)John Gorton , Prime minister (1968–1971)William McMahon , Prime minister (1971–1972)Gough Whitlam , Prime minister (1972–1975)Malcolm Fraser , Prime minister (1975–1983)Bob Hawke , Prime minister (1983–1991)Paul Keating , Prime minister (1991–1996)John Howard , Prime minister (1996–2007)Papua New Guinea
United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1946–1975 For details see Australia United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1946–1975 For details see Australia or the United Kingdom under the British Isles, Europe New Guinea: United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1949–1975 Papua: Australian external territory (1949–1975) For details see Australia Michael Somare , Prime minister (1975–1980)Julius Chan , Prime minister (1980–1982)Michael Somare , Prime minister (1982–1985)Paias Wingti , Prime minister (1985–1988)Rabbie Namaliu , Prime minister (1988–1992)Paias Wingti , Prime minister (1992–1994)Julius Chan , Prime minister (1994–1997)John Giheno , Acting Prime minister (1997)Julius Chan , Prime minister (1997)Bill Skate , Prime minister (1997–1999)Mekere Morauta , Prime minister (1999–2002)
Oceania: Pacific Fiji
British colony, 1874–1970 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe French Polynesia
Protectorate of France, 1887/1888–1959 Overseas territory of France, 1959–2003 Pasilio Keletaona, King (1997–2003) Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
Hammer DeRoburt , President (1968–1976)Bernard Dowiyogo , President (1976–1978)Lagumot Harris , President (1978)Hammer DeRoburt , President (1978–1986)Kennan Adeang , President (1986)Hammer DeRoburt , President (1986)Kennan Adeang , President (1986)Hammer DeRoburt , President (1986–1989)Kenos Aroi , President (1989)Bernard Dowiyogo , President (1989–1995)Lagumot Harris , President (1995–1996)Bernard Dowiyogo , President (1996)Kennan Adeang , President (1996)Ruben Kun , President (1996–1997)Kinza Clodumar , President (1997–1998)Bernard Dowiyogo , President (1998–1999)René Harris , President (1999–2000)Bernard Dowiyogo , President (2000–2001)New Zealand
Sidney Holland , Prime minister (1949–1957)Keith Holyoake , Prime minister (1957)Walter Nash , Prime minister (1957–1960)Keith Holyoake , Prime minister (1960–1972)Jack Marshall , Prime minister (1972)Norman Kirk , Prime minister (1972–1974)Hugh Watt , Acting Prime minister (1974)Bill Rowling , Prime minister (1974–1975)Robert Muldoon , Prime minister (1975–1984)David Lange , Prime minister (1984–1989)Geoffrey Palmer , Prime minister (1989–1990)Mike Moore , Prime minister (1990)Jim Bolger , Prime minister (1990–1997)Jenny Shipley , Prime minister (1997–1999)Helen Clark , Prime minister (1999–2008)New Zealand protectorate, 1907–present For details see the New Zealand under Oceania Palau
Samoa and American Samoa
Fiamē Mataʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II , Prime Minister (1959–1970)Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV , Prime Minister (1970–1973)Fiamē Mataʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II , Prime Minister (1973–1975)Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV , Acting Prime minister (1975–1976)Tui Ātua Tupua Tamasese Efi , Prime minister (1976–1982)Vaʻai Kolone , Prime minister (1982)Tui Ātua Tupua Tamasese Efi , Prime minister (1982)Tofilau Eti Alesana , Prime minister (1982–1985)Vaʻai Kolone , Prime minister (1985–1988)Tofilau Eti Alesana , Prime minister (1988–1998)Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi , Prime minister (1998–2021)Solomon Islands
British protectorate, 1893–1978 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe Tonga
Tuvalu
United States
United Nations Trust Territory under the administration of the United States, 1947–1994 Arthur W. Radford , High Commissioner (1949–1951)Elbert D. Thomas , High Commissioner (1951–1953)Frank E. Midkiff , High Commissioner (1953–1954)Delmas H. Nucker , Acting High Commissioner (1954–1956), High Commissioner (1954–1961)Maurice W. Goding , High Commissioner (1961–1966)William R. Norwood , High Commissioner (1966–1969)Edward E. Johnston , High Commissioner (1969–1976)Peter Tali Coleman , acting High Commissioner (1976–1977)Adrian P. Winkel , High Commissioner (1977–1981)Janet J. McCoy , High Commissioner (1981–1987)Charles D. Jordan , Director (1986–1991)Vanuatu
British-French Condominium, 1906–1980 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles and France under western Europe
Ссылки ^ Мадьега, Ю. Жорж (1982). Вклад в L'Histoire Precoloniale du Gulma (Haute Volta) . Франц Штайнер Верлаг. п. 123. ИСБН 978-3-515-03222-3 . ^ Мадьега, Ю. Жорж (1988). «Les Koarima de Koarimadeni: группа Курумба в густой среде». Трибус (на французском языке) (37): 53–62. ^ ab Sheridan, Michael J. et Nyamweru, Celia, African sacred groves: environmental dynamics & social change , James Currey, 2008, стр. 141 ISBN 0821417894 ^ ab Klein, Martin A., Ислам и империализм в Сенегале. Sine-Saloum, 1847–1914 , Edinburgh University Press, 1968, стр. XV ^ Саид., Захлан, Розмари (2016). Происхождение Объединенных Арабских Эмиратов: политическая и социальная история Договорных Государств . Тейлор и Фрэнсис. стр. 239. ISBN 9781317244653 . OCLC 945874284.{{cite book }}
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