Список государственных символов Индии
List of state symbols of India

Это список символов штатов и союзных территорий Индии . Каждый штат и союзная территория имеет уникальный набор официальных символов, обычно это герб штата, животное, птица, цветок и дерево. Иногда появляется второе животное (рыба, бабочка, рептилия, водное животное или животное наследия), а также фрукты и другие растения, и есть некоторые государственные песни и государственные девизы .

Штаты

Андхра-Прадеш

ЗаголовокСимволИзображениеПримечания
Государственный гербఆంధ్ర రాష్ట్ర అధికారిక చిహ్నం
В 1956 году, после образования Андхра-Прадеш , в разговорной речи именуемого Объединенным Андхра-Прадешем, правительство Андхра-Прадеш приняло Poorna Kumbam , церемониальный металлический сосуд, характеризующийся широким основанием и узким горлом, который служит священным украшением, украшающим ступу Амаравати вместе с Ашока-чакрой и четырьмя львиными головами в качестве официальной эмблемы по случаю 2500-летия со дня рождения Будды . [1] На нем изображен солнечный луч, заряженный вазой с сокровищами, помещенный в орнаментированную круглую рамку. В основании изображены герб Республики Индия и девиз Индии Satyameva Jayate на деванагари. Правительство Андхра-Прадеш , название штата, повторяется на телугу и санскрите. [2] |
девиз штатаసత్యమేవ జయతే
Сатьямева Джаяте
( Только истина торжествует )
Государственная песняమా తెలుగు తల్లికి
Маа телугу Таллики
( Нашей матери телугу )		Maa Telugu Talliki ( произносится [maː teluɡu talliki] , IAST : Mā Telugu Talliki ; букв. ' Нашей Матери Телугу' ' ) — официальная песня индийского штата Андхра - Прадеш . Телугу Талли изображается как символ народа телугу . Многие школы и правительственные мероприятия начинаются с этой песни. 

Он был написан Шанкарамбади Сундараачари и исполнен Сурьякумари [3] для фильма на телугу «Дина Бандху» (1942), в котором главную роль играл В. Нагайя, но был выпущен художником под частной маркой.

государственный языкрусский
телугу		Telugu is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra and Telangana, where it is also the official language. Spoken by about 96 million people (2022),[4] Telugu is the most spoken language of the Dravidian language family, and one of the twenty-two scheduled languages of the Republic of India.[5] It is one of the few languages that has primary official status in more than one Indian state, alongside Hindi and Bengali.[6] Telugu is one of the six languages designated as a classical language by the Government of India. It is the 14th most spoken native language in the world.[7] Modern standard-Telugu is based on the dialects of erstwhile Krishna, Guntur, East, and West Godavari districts of Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema.[8][9][10]
State animalకృష్ణజింక
Blackbuck		Blackbuck is State animal of Andhra, as it is known for its quickness and ability to take charge in uncertain situations and rise victorious, which is symbolic of AP and its people.

Blackbuck has white fur on the chin and around the eyes, which is in sharp contrast with the black stripes on the face. The coats of males show two-tone colouration; while the upper parts and outsides of the legs are dark brown to black, the underparts and the insides of the legs are all white. Darkness typically increases as the male ages; females and juveniles are yellowish fawn to tan.[11] Albino blackbuck are often zoo attractions as in the Indira Gandhi Zoological Park , Andhra.[12]

State birdరామచిలుక
Rose-ringed parakeet[13]		Rose-ringed parrot is State bird for its beauty and cheerfulness. The govt has envisioned AP as a State which is green and eco-friendly with beautiful landscaping, to make people happy and cheerfulIn popular culture of Andhra if you see this bird before any start of work it's very lucky.Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula Krameri), known as the ‘Ramachilaka’, is very popular with poets and lyricists. Ideal couples are compared to a pair of parakeets. The male is distinguished by a rose-pink collar. The quintessential female is ‘chilaka’.‘Chilaka Joshyam’, where a parakeet foretells the stars, is also very popular in the Telugu States.
State fishకొర్రమీను
Bullseye snakehead fish [14]		Bullseye snakehead fish, In Andhra known as Koramenu, a non-vegetarian’s delight during the summer in many parts of Andhra Pradesh, is in a great demand even during the ongoing rainy season in the city.

Great snakehead is a fast-growing fish species when compared to most of the others of the genus, and they are also suitable for intensive culture due to their air-breathing habit. They are being sold live and fetch high prices in the market, due to their excellent-tasting flesh and lack of fine bones.

State flowerమల్లె పువ్వు
jasmine		Jasmine is State flower of Andhra, as the purity of its fragrance symbolises the State’s vision to spread positivity and knowledge among its people and in the state.
State fruitబంగినపల్లి మామిడి కాయ
Banginapalli Mango [citation needed]		Banginapalle mangoes' also known as (Banganapalle mangoes) is a mango variety produced in Banganapalle of Nandyala District in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It alone occupies 70% percent of total mango cultivable area of the state and was first introduced by the farmers of Banaganapalli.[15] It was registered as one of the geographical indication from Andhra Pradesh on 3 May 2017, under horticultural products by Geographical Indication Registry.[16][17] It is also grown in the other parts of South India .

Andhra is the second largest mango growing state in the country with an area of about 4.31 lakh hectares and annual production of 43.5 lakh metric tons.

State treeవేప చెట్టు
Azadirachta indica[18]		Neem is declared as the State tree. Known for nourishing those around it with clean air, Neem tree symbolises the State’s genuine & transparent relations with its people
State Sportచెడుగుడు
Kabaddi [citation needed]		Kabaddi is a contact team sport played between two teams of seven players, originating in ancient India.The objective of the game is for a single player on offence, referred to as a "raider", to run into the opposing team's half of the court, touch out as many of their players as possible, and return to their own half of the court, all without being tackled by the defenders in 30 seconds. Points are scored for each player tagged by the raider, while the opposing team earns a point for stopping the raider. Players are taken out of the game if they are touched or tackled, but return to the game after each point scored by their team from a tag or tackle.

In Andhra this sport called as chedugudu

State Dance Formకూచిపూడి నృత్యం
Kuchipudi [citation needed]		Kuchipudi is one of the eight major Indian classical dances.[19] It originates from a village named Kuchipudi in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.[20] Kuchipudi is a dance-drama performance, with its roots in the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text of Natya Shastra.[21][22][23] It developed as a religious art linked to travelling bards, temples and spiritual beliefs, like all major classical dances of India.[24]

Arunachal Pradesh

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Arunachal Pradesh
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalMithun (Bos frontalis)[25][26][27]
State birdHornbill (Buceros bicornis)[25][26][27]
State fishGolden Mahseer (Tor putitora)[14]
State flowerFoxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis retusa)[25][27]
State treeHollong ( Dipterocarpus macrocarpus)[28][29]

Assam

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Assam
State mottoজয় আই অসম
(Hail Mother Assam)
State songঅ মোৰ আপোনাৰ দেশ

O Mur Apunar Dekh
(O My Endearing Country!)

State Festivalবিহু
Bihu
State animalএশিঙীয়া গঁড়
Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)[30][31]
State birdদেওহাঁহ
White-winged duck (Asarcornis scutulata)[30][31]
State flowerকপৌ ফুল
Foxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis retusa)[28][30][31]
State fruitকাজি নেমু
Kaji Nemu[32]
State treeহোলোঙ
Hollong (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus)[28][30][31][33]

Bihar

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Bihar
State songMere Bharat Ke Kanthahar
(The Garland of My India)
State Festivalछठ महापर्व
Chhath Mahaparva
State foundation dayBihar Day
(22 March)
State animalGaur (Mithun)[34]
State birdHouse Sparrow (Passer domesticus)[35]
State fishWalking catfish (Clarias batrachus)[14]
State flowerMarigold (Tagetes)
State treePeepal tree (Ficus religiosa)[36]
State fruitMango (Mangifera indica)

Chhattisgarh

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Chhattisgarh
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songअरपा पईरी के धार
(The Streams of Arpa and Pairi)[37][38]
State foundation dayछत्तीसगढ़ राज्योत्सव
(1 November) (Chhattisgarh Foundation Day)
State animalबन भईसा (Bubalus arnee)[39][40]
State birdपहारी मईना (Gracula religiosa)[39][40]
State flowerचंदैनी गोंदा (Tagetes patula)
State treeसरई (Shorea robusta)[39][40]
State Fishमोंगरी मछरी (Clarias batrachus)

Goa

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Goa
State mottoसर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु मा कश्चिद् दुःखमाप्नुयात्
Sarve bhadrāṇi paśyantu mā kaścid duḥkhamāpnuyāt
(May everyone see goodness, may none suffer any pain)
State animalGaur (Bos gaurus)[41][42]
State birdRuby Throated Yellow Bulbul (Pycnonotus gularis)[41][42][43]
State fishGrey mullet/Shevtto in Konkani (Mugil cephalus)[44][45]
State flowerFrangipani (Plumeria rubra)
State heritage treeCoconut palm (Cocos nucifera)
State treeMatti (Terminalia crenulata)[41]

Gujarat

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemUses the National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songJai Jai Garavi Gujarat
(Victory to Proud Gujarat!)
State animalAsiatic Lion (Panthera leo persica)[46]Surviving today only in India, the Asiatic lion's range is restricted to the Gir National Park and the surrounding areas in the Indian state of Gujarat.
State birdGreater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus)[47]In Gujarat, a state of India, flamingos can be observed at the Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary, Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Flamingo City, and in the Thol Bird Sanctuary. They remain there during the entire winter season.
State fishBlackspotted croakerLocally called as Ghol declared as state fish by Chief Minister Bhupendrabhai Patel and Union Fisheries minister Parshottam Rupala in Global Fisheries Conference India 2023 held in Ahmedabad.[48]
State flowerMarigold (Tagetes)[49]
State treeBanyan Tree.[50][46][51][52]

Haryana

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Haryana
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalBlackbuck (kala hiran) (Antilope cervicapra)[53][54]
State birdBlack francolin (Francolinus francolinus)[53][54]
State fishOrangefin labeo (Kalbasu) (Labeo calbasu)[14]
State flowerLotus (Nelumbo nucifera)[53][54]
State treePeepal (Ficus religiosa)[53][54]

Himachal Pradesh

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Himachal Pradesh
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalSnow leopard (Uncia uncia)[55][56]
State birdWestern tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus)[55][56]
State fishGolden Mahseer (Tor putitora)[14]
State flowerPink rhododendron (Rhododendron campanulatum)[55][56]
State treeDeodar cedar (Cedrus deodara)[55][56]

Jharkhand

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Jharkhand
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State foundation dayJharkhand Foundation Day
(15 November)[57]
State animalIndian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)[58][59]
State birdAsian koel (Eudynamys scolopaceus)[58][59]
State flowerPalash (Butea monosperma)[58][59]
State treeSal (Shorea robusta)[58][59]

Karnataka

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemಗಂಡಭೇರುಂಡ ಲಾಂಛನ Emblem of Karnataka
State mottoಸತ್ಯಮೇವ ಜಯತೆ
सत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songಜಯ ಭಾರತ ಜನನಿಯ ತನುಜಾತೆ Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate[60]
(Victory to you Mother Karnataka, The Daughter of Mother India!)
State foundation dayಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ರಾಜ್ಯೋತ್ಸವ Kannada Rajyotsava
(1 November)
State animalIndian elephant[61][failed verification][62] (Elephas maximus indicus)
State birdನೀಲಕಂಠ ಪಕ್ಷಿ Indian roller[61][failed verification][62] (Coracias indica)
State butterflySouthern birdwing[63] (Troides minos)
State fishCarnatic carp (Puntius carnaticus)[14]
State flowerLotus[61][failed verification][62] (Nelumbo nucifera)
State treeಶ್ರೀಗಂಧ ಮರ Sandalwood[61][failed verification][62] (Santalum album)

Kerala

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Kerala[64]The official Kerala emblem is a derivative version of the Royal coat of arms of the Kingdom of Travancore. The state emblem symbolizes two elephants guarding the state emblem of India and conch shell, the emblem of Travancore. It features the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate," as well as the inscriptions "Government of Kerala" and "Kerala Sarkkar" in Malayalam, reflecting the state's administrative identity in both English and the regional language.
State mottoസത്യമേവ ജയതേ
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State foundation dayകേരള പിറവി Kerala Day
(1 November)
State animalആന Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)[65][66]
State birdമലമുഴക്കി വേഴാമ്പൽ Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis)[65][66]
State butterflyബുദ്ധമയൂരി Malabar banded peacock (Papilio buddha)[67]
State fishകരിമീൻ Green chromide (Etroplus suratensis)[68]Designated as state fish by Government of Kerala in 2010.
State flowerകണിക്കൊന്ന Golden Shower Tree (Cassia fistula)[69]
State fruitചക്ക Jackfruit[70]Designated as state fruit of Kerala in 2018.
State treeതെങ്ങ് Coconut tree (Cocos nucifera)[65][66]

Madhya Pradesh

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Madhya Pradesh
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songMera Madhya Pradesh
(My Madhya Pradesh)
State animalBarasingha[71][72] (Rucervus duvaucelii)
State birdIndian paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi)[73]
State fishMahsheer (Tor tor)[73]
State flowerMadonna lily (Lilium candidum)[74]
State treeBanyan tree[75]

Maharashtra

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Maharashtra
State mottoप्रतिपच्चंद्रलेखेव वर्धिष्णुर्विश्व वंदिता महाराष्ट्रस्य राज्यस्य मुद्रा भद्राय राजते
Pratipaccandralēkhēva vardhiṣṇurviśva vanditā mahārāṣṭrasya rājyasya mudrā bhadrāya rājatē
(The glory of this seal of the Government of Maharashtra will grow like the first day moon. It will be worshipped by the world and will shine only for the well being of its people.)		The motto is based on one found on the Rajmudra (royal seal) used by 17th-century Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji.[76]
State songJai Jai Maharashtra Majha
(Glory to My Maharashtra)
State foundation dayMaharashtra Day
(1 May)
State animalIndian giant squirrel[77] (Ratufa indica)
State birdYellow-footed green pigeon[77] (Treron phoenicoptera)
State butterflyBlue Mormon (Papilio polymnestor)[78]
State fishSilver pomfret (Pampus argenteus)[79]
State flowerPride of India/Jarul (Lagerstroemia speciosa)[80]
State treeMango Tree (Mangifera indica)[81]

Manipur

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Manipur
State mottoꯀꯪꯂꯥꯁꯥ
Kanglasha
(The Dragon Lord)
State songSana Leibak Manipur[82]
(Manipur, Land of Gold)
State animalSangai (Rucervus eldii eldii)[83][84]
State birdNongin (Syrmaticus humiae)[85]
State fishPengba (Osteobrama belangeri)[14]
State flowerSiroi lily (Lilium mackliniae)[83][84]
State treeUningthou (Phoebe hainesiana)[86]

Meghalaya

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of MeghalayaNew emblem adopted in January 2022[87] Previously used a seal based on the national emblem of India.
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalClouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)[88]
State birdHill myna (Gracula religiosa)[89][90]
State flowerLady's Slipper Orchid (Paphiopedilum insigne)[91]
State treeGamhar (Gmelina arborea)[92]

Mizoram

TitleSymbol[93][94]ImageNotes
State emblemUses the National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalHimalayan serow (Capricornis thar)
State birdMrs. Hume's pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae)
State fishBurmese kingfish (Ngahvang) (Semiplotus modestus)[14]
State flowerRed Vanda (Renanthera imschootiana)[91]
State treeIndian rose chestnut (Mesua ferrea)

Nagaland

TitleSymbol[95][96]ImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Nagaland
State mottoUnity
State animalMithun
State birdBlyth's tragopan (Tragopan blythii)
State fishChocolate mahseer (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis)[14]
State flowerTree rhododendron (Rhododendron arboreum)[91]
State treeAlder (Alnus nepalensis)[50]

Odisha

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Odisha
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songBande Utkala Janani
(I Adore Thee, O Mother Utkala!)
State foundation dayOdisha Day
(1 April)
State animalSambar deer (Cervus unicolor)[97][98]
State birdIndian roller[99] (Coracias benghalensis)[97][98]
State fishMahanadi mahseer (Tor mosal mahanadicus)[14]
State flowerAshoka tree (Saraca asoca)[97][98]
State treeSacred fig (Ficus religiosa)[97]

Punjab

TitleSymbol[100][101]ImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Punjab
State mottoSatyameva Jayate

"Truth alone triumps"

State flowerGladiolus

(Gladiolus grandiflorus)[102]

State fruitMandarin orange

(Citrus reticulata)

State treeSheesham

(Dalbergia sissoo)

State animalBlackbuck

(Antilope cervicapra)

State birdBaaz

(Accipiter gentilis)

State

fish

Indus River dolphin (Bhulan)[103]
State danceGiddha and Bhangra
State sportPunjabi Kabaddi
(de facto)

Rajasthan

TitleSymbol[104][105]ImageNotes
State emblemUses the National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalChinkara (Gazella bennettii)[106]
State birdIndian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps)
State flowerRohida (Tecomella undulata)
State heritage animalDromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)
State plantCactus (Cactaceae)
State treeKhejri (Prosopis cineraria)

Sikkim

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Sikkim
State motto༄༅།ཁམས་གསུམ་དབང་འདུས
Kham-sum-wangdu
(Conqueror of the three worlds)
State animalRed panda (Ailurus fulgens)[107][108]
State birdBlood pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus)[107][108]
State FishCopper Mahseer / Katley (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis)[109]
State flowerNoble dendrobium (Dendrobium nobile)[107][108]
State treeRhododendron (Rhododendron niveum)[107][108]

Tamil Nadu

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State EmblemTamiḻnāṭṭiṉ Ciṉṉam
தமிழ்நாட்டின் சின்னம்
Emblem of Tamil Nadu		The state emblem was designed in 1949 by artist R. Krishna Rao who was a native of Madurai. Krishna Rao was honoured with awards and titles for his contribution to the state. A student of the Government College of Fine Arts and Crafts in Chennai, who went on to become the principal of the college later, Rao was approached to design the emblem in 1948 when he was a professor of applied arts in the college.

It consists of the Lion Capital of Ashoka without the bell lotus foundation and flanked on either side by an Indian flag. Behind the capital, is the image of a Gopuram or Hindu temple tower based on the Srivalliputhur Temple. Around the rim of the seal runs an inscription in Tamil script, one at the top தமிழ் நாடு அரசு ("Tamil Nadu Arasu" which translates to "Government of Tamil Nadu") and the other at the bottom வாய்மையே வெல்லும் ("Vaymaiye Vellum" which translates to "Truth Alone Triumphs" also commonly known as "Satyameva Jayate" in Sanskrit). It is the only state emblem that has the Indian Flag and Hindu temple tower on its seal.

State MottoVāymaiyē Vellum
வாய்மையே வெல்லும்
Truth Alone Triumphs		Vaaymaiyae Vellum is a quote taken from the Mundaka Upanishad, the concluding part of the sacred Hindu Vedas is the Sanskrit to Tamil language translation of Satyameva Jayate, the National Motto of the Republic of India.
State AnthemTamiḻttāy Vāḻttu - Nīrāruṅ kaṭaluṭutta nilamaṭantaik keḻiloḻukum
தமிழ்த்தாய் வாழ்த்து - நீராருங் கடலுடுத்த நிலமடந்தைக் கெழிலொழுகும்
Invocation to Mother Tamil - Water washes the land above the sea		Tamiḻttāy Vāḻttu is the state anthem of Tamil Nadu. It was written by Manonmaniam Sundaranar and composed by M. S. Viswanathan. The Government of Tamil Nadu issued an order to sing or play the anthem in the official functions of the government, and those functions organised by educational institutions and public establishments have started with this song and ended with the Indian National Anthem. The song is sung daily in schools all over Tamil Nadu during the assembly in the morning. It was adopted by Tamil Nadu as the state anthem on 23 November 1970.
State DayTamil Nadu Dhinam
தமிழ்நாடு தினம்
Tamil Nadu Day		Tamil Nadu Dhinam is celebrated in the state of Tamil Nadu to commemorate the formation of the state on 1 November 1956.
State LanguageTamiḻ
தமிழ்
Tamil		Tamil is the official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Tamil is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world.
State AnimalNilgiri Varaiyaadu
நீலகிரி வரையாடு
Nilgiri Tahr
Nilgiritragus hylocrius		Nilgiri Varaiyaadu is an ungulate that is endemic to the Nilgiri Hills and the southern portion of the Western and Eastern Ghats in the states of Tamil Nadu. It is the only species in the genus Nilgiritragus and is closely related to the sheep of the genus Ovis.
State BirdMaragadhappuraa
மரகதப்புறா
Common Emerald Dove
Chalcophaps indica		Maragadhappuraa is a widespread resident breeding pigeon native to the tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The dove is also known by the names of green dove and green-winged pigeon.
State InsectTamil Maravan
தமிழ் மறவன்
Tamil Yeoman
Cirrochroa thais		Tamil Maravan is a species of nymphalidae butterfly found in tropical forest areas of India.
State FlowerChengaandhal
செங்காந்தள்
Flame Lily
Gloriosa superba		Chengaandhal is a species of flowering plant in the family of colchicaceae flowers.
State FruitPalaapalam
பலாப்பழம்
Jackfruit
Artocarpus heterophyllus		Palaapalam species of tree in the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family (Moraceae) tree.
State TreePanai Maram
பனை மரம்
Palm Tree
Borassus flabellifer		Panai Maram is a genus of five species of fan palms, native to tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Papua New Guinea.
State SportKapaṭi
கபடி
Kabaddi		Kapaṭi is a contact team sport. Played between two teams of seven players. The objective of the game is for a single player on offense, referred to as a "raider", to run into the opposing team's half of the court, touch out as many of their players and return to their own half of the court, all without being tackled by the defenders in 30 seconds. Points are scored for each player tagged by the raider, while the opposing team earns a point for stopping the raider. Players are taken out of the game if they are touched or tackled, but are brought back in for each point scored by their team from a tag or a tackle.
State Dance FormParatanāṭṭiyam
பரதநாட்டியம்
Bharathanatyam		Paratanāṭṭiyam is an Indian classical dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu. It is one of eight Indian classical dance forms recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, and expresses South Indian religious themes and spiritual ideas, particularly of Shaivism and in general of Hinduism.

Telangana

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemతెలంగాణ రాష్ట్ర అధికార చిహ్నము
Emblem of Telangana
State mottoసత్యమేవ జయతే
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songజయ జయ హే తెలంగాణ

Jaya Jaya He Telangana
(Victory to Mother Telangana!)

State foundation dayతెలంగాణ రాష్ట్ర అవతరణ దినోత్సవం
Telangana Day


(2 June)

State animalమచ్చల జింక
Spotted deer

(Axis axis)[110]

State birdపాలపిట్ట
Indian roller

(Coracias benghalensis)[110]

State fishకొర్రమీను
Snakehead Murrel (Channa striata)[14][111]
State flowerతంగిడి పువ్వు
Tangidi Puvvu (Senna auriculata)[110]
State fruitమామిడి పండు
Mango (Mangifera indica)[citation needed]
State treeజమ్మీ చెట్టు
Jammi Chettu

(Prosopis cineraria)[110]

Tripura

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Tripura[112][113]
State mottoসত্যমেব জয়তে
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalPhayre's leaf monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei)[114][115][116]
State birdGreen imperial pigeon (Ducula aenea)[114][115][116]
State fishPabda (Ompok bimaculatus)[14]
State flowerIndian rose chestnut (Mesua ferrea)[114][115][116]
State fruitQueen pineapple (Ananas comosus)[117]
State treeAgarwood[114][115][116]

Uttar Pradesh

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Uttar Pradesh
State foundation dayUttar Pradesh Day
(24 January)
State animalBarasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii)[118][119]
State aquatic animalGanges River Dolphin
State birdSarus crane (Grus antigone)[118][119]
State fishChital (Chitala chitala)[14]
State flowerPalash (Butea monosperma)[118][119]
State treeAshoka (Saraca asoca)[118][119]

Uttarakhand

TitleSymbolImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of Uttarakhand
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songUttarakhand Devabhumi Matribhumi
(Uttarakhand, Land of the Gods, O Motherland!)
State foundation dayUttarakhand Day
(9 November)
State animalAlpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster)[120][121]
State birdHimalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus)[120][121]
State fishGolden mahseer (Tor putitora)[122][123]
State butterflyCommon peacock[124][125] (Papilio bianor polyctor)
State flowerBrahma Kamal (Saussurea obvallata)[120][121]
State treeBurans (Rhododendron arboreum)[120][121]

West Bengal

TitleSymbolsImageNotes
State emblemEmblem of West BengalThe emblem consists of a circle depicting a globe with the state of West Bengal highlighted by a representation of the Bengali alphabet
State mottoসত্যমেব জয়তে
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth Alone Triumphs)
State songবাংলার মাটি বাংলার জল
Banglar Mati Banglar Jol
(The Soil of Bengal, The Water of Bengal)[126]
State animalমেছোবিড়াল
Fishing cat[127][128] (Prionailurus viverrinus)[129]
State birdধলাগলা মাছরাঙা
White-throated kingfisher[127][128] (Halcyon smyrnensis)
State fishইলিশ
Ilish
(Tenualosa ilisha)[14]
State flowerপারিজাত/শিউলি
Night-flowering jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis)[129]
State treeছাতিম গাছ
Blackboard tree (Alstonia scholaris)[129][130]
State fruitআম
Mango (Mangifera indica)[citation needed]

Union territories

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemUses National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalDugong sea cow[131][132]
State birdAndaman wood pigeon (Columba palumboides)[131][132]
State flowerAndaman Pyinma (Lagerstroemia hypoleuca)[91]
State treeAndaman redwood (Pterocarpus dalbergioides)[131][132]

Chandigarh

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemEmblem of Chandigarh
State animalIndian grey mongoose[133][134] (Urva edwardsii)
State birdIndian grey hornbill[133][134] (Ocyceros birostris)
State flowerDhak flower[133][134] (Butea monosperma)
State treeMangifera indica[133][134]

Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemUses the National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalNot designated
State birdNot designated
State flowerNot designated[91]
State treeNot designated[50]

Delhi

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemUses the National Emblem of India
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalNilgai[116] (Boselaphus tragocamelus)
State birdHouse sparrow (Passer domesticus)[135][136]
State flowerAlfalfa (Medicago sativa)[91]
State treeFlamboyant (Delonix regia)[50]

Jammu and Kashmir

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemEmblem of Jammu and Kashmir
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalKashmir stag (Cervus elaphus hanglu)[137]
State birdKalij pheasant (Lophura leucomelanos)[138]
State fishGolden Mahseer (Tor putitora)[14]
State flowerCommon rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum)
State treeChinar (Platanus orientalis)
State butterflyBlue Pansy (Junonia orithya)[139]

Ladakh

[137]

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemEmblem of Ladakh
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State animalSnow leopard (Uncia uncia)[140]
State birdBlack-necked crane (Grus nigricollis)[141]
State flower[142]Himalayan Blue Poppy(Meconopsis betonicifolia)
State tree[143]Juniper (Juniperus semiglobosa)

Lakshadweep

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemEmblem of Lakshadweep
State animalButterfly fish (Chaetodon falcula)[144][145]
State birdBrown noddy (Anous stolidus)[144][145]
State flowerനീലക്കുറിഞ്ഞിNeelakurinji
State treeകടപ്ലാവ് (കടച്ചക്ക മരം)Bread fruit (Artocarpus incisa)[144][145]

Puducherry

TitleSymbolImage
State emblemEmblem of Puducherry
State mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)
State songTamil Thai Valthu
(Invocation to Tamil Mother)
State animalIndian palm squirrel[146][147] (Funambulus palmarum)
State birdKoel[146][147] (Eudynamys scolopaceus)
State flowerCannonball[146][147] (Couroupita guianensis)
State treeBael fruit tree[146][147] (Aegle marmelos)

Autonomous administrative divisions

Some of the autonomous administrative divisions established by the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India have also adopted official symbols.

Bodoland Territorial Region

TitleSymbolImage
EmblemUses a seal based on the National Emblem of India[148]
Mottoसत्यमेव जयते
Satyameva Jayate
(Truth alone triumphs)

See also

References

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  116. ^ a b c d e "State Animals, Birds, Trees and Flowers of India". ENVIS Centre on Forestry. 2 July 2015. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
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  118. ^ a b c d "Symbols of Uttar Pradesh". knowindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
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  120. ^ a b c d "Symbols of Uttrakhand". knowindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  121. ^ a b c d "Symbols of Uttarakhand". Archived from the original on 15 July 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  122. ^ "State Fishes of India" (PDF). National Fisheries Development Board, Government of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  123. ^ Sharma, Nihi (1 December 2017). "To protect the endangered 'mahaseer' fish, Uttarakhand set to rope in fishermen". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  124. ^ "Common Peacock Male Papilio Bianor Polyctor". Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2017.
  125. ^ "Uttarakhand to declare 'Common Peacock' as state butterfly". 18 November 2016. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  126. ^ "WB assembly passes resolution to observe Bengali new year, Poila Baisakh, as Bengal Day | Politics".
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  139. ^ Irfan Raina (23 June 2023). "Blue Pansy declared as 'Butterfly of J&K'". Greater Kashmir. Archived from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  140. ^ Khajuria, Sanjay (1 September 2021). "Snow leopard, Black necked crane declared state animal and birds in Ladakh". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 1 September 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  141. ^ "'Jammu Kashmir', 'Ladakh' and the 'Crane' – Hill Post". 30 October 2019. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  142. ↑ Excelsior, Daily (19 декабря 2022 г.). «Шукпа, Церснон предложены как государственное дерево, цветок Ладакха». DailyExcelsior . Получено 29 декабря 2023 г.
  143. ^ "Приказ № 01 от 2023 г. /FEE/UTL: Можжевельник объявлен государственным деревом. | Администрация союзной территории Ладакх | Индия" . Получено 29 декабря 2023 г.
  144. ^ abc "Symbols of Lakshadweep". knowindia.gov.in . Архивировано из оригинала 12 ноября 2013 г. Получено 17 октября 2013 г.
  145. ^ abc "Symbols of Laksdweep" (PDF) . стр. 1. Архивировано из оригинала (PDF) 17 октября 2013 г. Получено 17 октября 2013 г.
  146. ^ abcd "Символы Пондичерри". knowindia.gov.in . Архивировано из оригинала 12 ноября 2013 г. Получено 23 января 2014 г.
  147. ^ abcd "Symbols of Pondicherry". Архивировано из оригинала 20 февраля 2018 года . Получено 23 января 2014 года .
  148. ^ "Bodoland Territorial Council". Архивировано из оригинала 27 октября 2020 года . Получено 13 апреля 2020 года .

Источники

  • Сунил Котари ; Авинаш Пасрича (2001). Кучипуди. Публикации Абхинава. ISBN 978-81-7017-359-5.
  • Реджинальд Мэсси (2004). Танцы Индии: их история, техника и репертуар. Abhinav Publications. ISBN 978-81-7017-434-9.
  • Рагини Деви (1990). Танцевальные диалекты Индии . Мотилал Банарсидасс. ISBN 978-81-208-0674-0.
  • Фарли П. Ричмонд; Дариус Л. Суонн; Филлип Б. Заррилли (1993). Индийский театр: традиции исполнения. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0981-9.
  • Williams, Drid (2004). «В тени голливудского ориентализма: аутентичные восточно-индийские танцы» (PDF) . Визуальная антропология . 17 (1). Routledge: 69– 98. doi :10.1080/08949460490274013. S2CID  29065670. Архивировано из оригинала (PDF) 25 июня 2013 г. . Получено 30 марта 2023 г. .

Общие ссылки

  • 102-Journal de Kanpur Том-3/2018 год
  • Центр журналистских исследований GSV. Индия. Канпур
  • Knowindia.gov.in: Символы штатов и союзных территорий
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